Democracy Essay example -- American Government, Politics, California

Democracy has many important values that we see practiced in democratic nations such as the coupled States, representation is one if not the most important democratic value. In many nations, voting, a granted right of citizenship has been given additional importance by making it a mandatory civil activity in industrialized nations. Voting is the first step of the process of representation since this activity allows us to pick officials who supposedly represent the interest of their constituents. According to Lustig, California currently suffers a representation crisis his assumptions are quite accurate for we see that not all in line voters participate. However, Lustig presents the idea that the representation crisis is beyond voting behavior changes in political norm and practices have contributed to the crisis. Such issues have weakened the vote for everyone and created an inverted race where the representatives pick the electorate rather than the other way around. In the stat e of Californian representation, we must acknowledge that the current system of representation is an unsustainable prototype that does not mate the needs of Californians. Alteration of different norms and practices in the representative process has contributed to the lessening of proper representation in Californian politics thus, resulting in the representation crisis. In order to understand the severity of the dilemma, we must assess the state of political representation in California. Then we must analyze what does not work in the current system. Furthermore, we must assess the core problem of improper representation through the problems of voting. Alongside voting, redistricting is a crucial topic that must be assessed. In addition, we must see... ...tive of Californians, the legislature is the most representative of Californians. When the topic of representation come up, the legislature is the focus for they represent the people of California as well as enact policies that w ill affect the lives of Californians. With a growing population, we see that the current electoral system no longer is a viable representative model for California. However, before switching into a new system, we must tackle the lack of political participation through accommodation of the different communities we must ensure that immigrants odour assimilated to society so that they are engaged to participate in civic duties such as voting. Lastly, when and if we alter our system, the most viable option would be a proportional representative system where Californians are accurately represented without the hindrance of partisanship.

Teaching Status Report :: Reflective Writing Dunn Education Teaching Essays

Teaching Status Report As the weeks progress and my experiences at Dunn are half over, my opinion on the school, the instructors, and the students continue to change. Since I pay had the opportunity to work with two different teachers, my cooperating teacher Mr. Kiernan and the bilingual teacher Ms. Brittingham I have gotten two very different aspects of the school and its teachers. The two teachers could non be any more different. Ms. Brittingham is an older woman who teachers math in the sixth grade bilingual classroom, where Mr. Kiernan is a fairly young teacher who teaches tied(p) seventh great. Ms. Brittingham seems to get involved in the school politics where Mr. Kiernan has never mentioned anything about it. However different they may be, they have one thing in common, they both care about their students and have very good classroom management. Between the two of them I have definitely gotten wonderful examples of how to manage a loud classroom and have efficientl y come up with my own style of classroom management. I really like the way Mr. Kiernan is able to be very strict with the students that they respect him, but they all seem to know that he really cares about every student and they like him as a teacher, as well. I feel that Beckie and I are very lucky to have come into a classroom with a very strong teacher guiding us. It seems that umteen other classrooms have break upe discipline problems. I hear teachers coming into our classroom complaining that one of our students acted out again in their classroom yesterday. However, I have not had any sever discipline problems at all with any of the students. Of course many of the students get loud and I have to tell them to quiet down or sit back in their seat but nothing really horrible. There are many students that are annoying, but I dont see any one of them as being a discipline problem. Apparently, however, some of them are sever discipline problems in other classrooms. Whe n I asked Mr. Kiernan why this was, he simple said, They all know that I wont put up with it, so they stopped trying. I feel extremely lucky to have been put with Mr.

The Louvre :: Essays Papers

The quintT h e A r t M u s e u m s of P a r i s Paris is renowned worldwide for its art museums. There are somany, each with its own unparalleled pieces of art, this report will onlycover two of Paris most famous museums. Which are of course TheLouvre and Museum dOrsay. The LouvreHistory The Louvre was originally built in 1190 AD as a fortress forprotection to the city of Paris during the Crusades. It was afortress for nearly 500 long time until it became an elegant palace. Bythe 1400s Frances Royalty gathered at The Louvre to enjoybanquets and tournaments. Elaborate gardens were added along withan aviary and many wild, exotic animals. In 1415 France was capturedby the British and The Louvre was ravaged by vandals. It fell intodisrepair and was left unoccupied for nearly 150 years. This is whenFrancis the first tore down the original building and erected anexquisite and prosperous palace. Every king since then on added anaddition to The Louvre. It also served as th eir home until theFrench Revolution of 1789. The Louvre officially became a museum in1793. The government opened it to the public which no longermeant art was only available to the upper-class. All through theprevious centuries the government had collected valuable pieces ofart and now displayed them in The Louvre. The collection wasgrowing so big that more buildings had to be built to display thegreat and precious collection that was stack away over so manyyears. This period was known as The Restoration as Napoleonestablished remodeling of the interior and exterior of the Louvreand eliminated all the shops that modify the Louvre from the 18thcentury. The Louvre Today Today The Louvre is one the Worlds most famous Art Museums. It houses many famous masterpieces much(prenominal) as The Mona Lisa Winged Victory of Samothrace Venus De Milo The Seated Scribe

Colonial Canadian Shakespeare Essay examples -- William Shakespeare

1Colonial Canadian Shakespeare West Meets East at StratfordIn his seek The Regional Theatre System, Czarnecki picks up on the scrapof creating a national theatre in Canada, but also articulates the central and definingchallenge in developing a unified sense of Canadian identity Canada, because of itsimmense span from ocean to ocean, is inevitably divided into regions distinct from theirprovincial boundaries. The regional boundaries which identify the Maritimes as distinctfrom French Canada and the Prairies as distinct from the West Coast, for example, implynot only geographical, but also social, cultural and political differences among theseregions. Because Canada is a nation born from British imperialism, the compoundrelationship that exists even today among Canada and Britain is undeniable, though thiscolonial relationship is by no means uniform across Canada. The different regionalattitudes towards Britain and Canadas colonial history became evident to me when, as aWestern C anadian, I saw a merchandise of Hamlet in Central Canada at the StratfordFestival in Stratford, Ontario. This production served to illustrate that Shakespeareserves as a standard by which to measure the colonial relationships between a givenCanadian region and the British Crown therefore Shakespeare also helps to illuminatethe discrepancies between these different regions in relation to Canadas colonial history.The Stratford Festival, whose mandate is to produce, to the highest standardspossible, the best works of theatre in the classical and contemporary repertoire, with2special emphasis on the works of William Shakespeare, has become the place in Canadato see productions of Shakespeare. As Cza... ...ion to the production of Hamlet was only further proof, however, thatShakespeares iconic position in Canadian culture originates in our shared colonialhistory. Adaptations of Shakespeare are telling of regional differences, which is only thecase because Canada too is rooted in Shakes peares home country.6Works CitedCzarnecki, Mark. The Regional Theatre System. present-day(a) Canadian TheatreNew World Visions. Ed. Anton Wagner. Toronto Simon and Pierre, 1985. 35-48.Fischlin, Daniel and mark Fortier. General Introduction. Adaptations of Shakespeare.Eds. Daniel Fischlin and Mark Fortier. London Routledge, 2000. 1-22.Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Susanne Wofford. New York St. Martins Press,1994.Full production details of the Stratford Festivals 2000 production of Hamlet available athttp//www.paulgross.org/theatreindex.htmlhamlet

osmosis :: essays research papers

Finding out the Rate of Osmosis in a Potato After Being go forth in a Solution.What atomic number 18 you trying to find out?I am trying to find out how much water has been diffused into a white potato vine when limitd in diametrical strengths of consequence. But before the experiment can take place I need to explore all argonas in which could drive persuadeed or inaccurate results.What can influence the results of the experiment?Temperature - The temperature in which the experiment is conducted can affect the experiment. If one or more of the stresss are at a higher temperature than the others they entrust diffuse water molecules faster because, when heated, molecules move faster therefore osmosis will occur faster. So I will throw away to be sure that all of my samples are as close to the same temperature as possible.The amount of solution The amount of solution that is present in for each one sample has to be similar as possible as if one sample has more solution th an another then the chance of that sample spread out more water is high which will give an inaccurate result.Where the potato is from Where the potato is from can influence the result because if some potatoes were farmn in a muddy field and the rest were grown in dry fields it is likely that the potatoes from the muddy fields extradite already diffused a rope of water whereas the potatoes from the dry field would not have diffuse as much as the others. So therefore I need to have potatoes that are produced from the same company so that it is likely that they have being grown in the same place or at least been grow under(a) the same conditions.Size of the potato The size the potato will affect my results because if one particular potato is larger than the others it will have more cells in which to diffuse more water molecules so therefore will gain a lot more weight in which will bias my results. What have I chosen to investigate?I have chosen to investigate the affect on the potato after it has been placed in different strengths of solution ranging from 0M up to 1M with intervals of 0.2M therefore I will have five results in which will give me and accurate idea of the final result.How am I deprivation to carry out the investigation?First I will cut 15 pieces of potato (of the same shape) this is so I can place ternion potato shapes in each test tube in which I will be able to take an average from the results to receive a more accurate final result.osmosis essays research papers Finding out the Rate of Osmosis in a Potato After Being Left in a Solution.What are you trying to find out?I am trying to find out how much water has been diffused into a potato when placed in different strengths of solution. But before the experiment can take place I need to explore all areas in which could produce biased or inaccurate results.What can influence the results of the experiment?Temperature - The temperature in which the experiment is conducted can affect the experiment. If one or more of the samples are at a higher temperature than the others they will diffuse water molecules faster because, when heated, molecules move faster therefore osmosis will occur faster. So I will have to be sure that all of my samples are as close to the same temperature as possible.The amount of solution The amount of solution that is present in each sample has to be similar as possible as if one sample has more solution than another then the chance of that sample diffusing more water is high which will give an inaccurate result.Where the potato is from Where the potato is from can influence the result because if some potatoes were grown in a muddy field and the rest were grown in dry fields it is likely that the potatoes from the muddy fields have already diffused a lot of water whereas the potatoes from the dry field would not have diffuse as much as the others. So therefore I need to select potatoes that are produced from the same company so that it is li kely that they have being grown in the same place or at least been grow under the same conditions.Size of the potato The size the potato will affect my results because if one particular potato is larger than the others it will have more cells in which to diffuse more water molecules so therefore will gain a lot more weight in which will bias my results. What have I chosen to investigate?I have chosen to investigate the affect on the potato after it has been placed in different strengths of solution ranging from 0M up to 1M with intervals of 0.2M therefore I will have five results in which will give me and accurate idea of the final result.How am I going to carry out the investigation?First I will cut 15 pieces of potato (of the same shape) this is so I can place three potato shapes in each test tube in which I will be able to take an average from the results to receive a more accurate final result.

osmosis :: essays research papers

Finding out the Rate of Osmosis in a Potato after(prenominal) macrocosm Left in a Solution.What are you trying to find out?I am trying to find out how much peeing has been spread into a potato when hardened in different strengths of issue. But before the experiment arsehole take place I carry to research totally areas in which could produce biased or inaccurate results.What can influence the results of the experiment?Temperature - The temperature in which the experiment is conducted can affect the experiment. If one or much of the samples are at a higher temperature than the others they result diffuse water molecules faster because, when heated, molecules move faster therefore osmosis go away occur faster. So I will leave to be sure that all of my samples are as close to the same temperature as possible.The amount of solution The amount of solution that is bewilder in each sample has to be similar as possible as if one sample has more solution than another thusly th e run into of that sample diffusing more water is high which will give an inaccurate result.Where the potato is from Where the potato is from can influence the result because if about potatoes were expectant in a muddy field and the rest were grown in dry fields it is likely that the potatoes from the muddy fields have already spread a lot of water whereas the potatoes from the dry field would not have diffuse as much as the others. So therefore I need to select potatoes that are produced from the same company so that it is likely that they have being grown in the same place or at least been grow under the same conditions.Size of the potato The size the potato will affect my results because if one particular potato is larger than the others it will have more cells in which to diffuse more water molecules so therefore will gain a lot more weight in which will bias my results. What have I chosen to investigate?I have chosen to investigate the affect on the potato after it has be en placed in different strengths of solution ranging from 0M up to 1M with intervals of 0.2M therefore I will have five results in which will give me and accurate idea of the concluding result.How am I going to carry out the investigation?First I will cut 15 pieces of potato (of the same shape) this is so I can place three potato shapes in each test tube in which I will be able to take an clean from the results to watch a more accurate final result.osmosis essays research papers Finding out the Rate of Osmosis in a Potato After Being Left in a Solution.What are you trying to find out?I am trying to find out how much water has been diffused into a potato when placed in different strengths of solution. But before the experiment can take place I need to explore all areas in which could produce biased or inaccurate results.What can influence the results of the experiment?Temperature - The temperature in which the experiment is conducted can affect the experiment. If one or more of the samples are at a higher temperature than the others they will diffuse water molecules faster because, when heated, molecules move faster therefore osmosis will occur faster. So I will have to be sure that all of my samples are as close to the same temperature as possible.The amount of solution The amount of solution that is present in each sample has to be similar as possible as if one sample has more solution than another then the chance of that sample diffusing more water is high which will give an inaccurate result.Where the potato is from Where the potato is from can influence the result because if some potatoes were grown in a muddy field and the rest were grown in dry fields it is likely that the potatoes from the muddy fields have already diffused a lot of water whereas the potatoes from the dry field would not have diffuse as much as the others. So therefore I need to select potatoes that are produced from the same company so that it is likely that they have being gro wn in the same place or at least been grow under the same conditions.Size of the potato The size the potato will affect my results because if one particular potato is larger than the others it will have more cells in which to diffuse more water molecules so therefore will gain a lot more weight in which will bias my results. What have I chosen to investigate?I have chosen to investigate the affect on the potato after it has been placed in different strengths of solution ranging from 0M up to 1M with intervals of 0.2M therefore I will have five results in which will give me and accurate idea of the final result.How am I going to carry out the investigation?First I will cut 15 pieces of potato (of the same shape) this is so I can place three potato shapes in each test tube in which I will be able to take an average from the results to receive a more accurate final result.

Moving Away from Home Can Be Astessful Experience for Young People

Moving outside from home can be a stressful experience for young people Nowadays, many an other(prenominal) young people dont want to live with their parents because they count if they live along, they can do whatever they want. But maybe few months later, they provide find some problems that they never know how to do before because their parents always do everything for them when they are at home. At that time, they will feel stressful. However, I think its a good way to teach them how to live by themselves, especially for teenagers.They cant be dependent on their parents all of their sprightliness so they have to learn many things and do many things by themselves. Moving away from home not only can be a stressful experience for young people but can also be a good way to let them learn how to become independent. The other reason that young people will feel stressful when they move away from home is they dont know many people in the new place or even they dont know anyone there.Wh en they have something they cant solve, they dont know they can invite who or who can help them. They will feel so lonely and upset in the beginning, especially for someone who has nothing is smooth. In conclusion, moving away from home is a stressful experience for young people but also it is a helpful experience to them because they can learn many things by this kind of experience.

“Of Mice and Men” By John Steinbeck †Coursework Essay

Of Mice and work force was set in the 1930s in North California. This was a time of economic hardship due to the Wall Street Crash. Men were constrained to leave their families and find work on ranches. Pay and working conditions were poor. Men scraped by, spending any extra money they had gambling or in one of the many whore houses. This is where Steinbeck drew his inspiration from he spent time on the ranches experiencing the hardships experienced by the workers. The book is ab go forth these workers and the extremely lonesome(a) lives they led. It likewise exposes underlying themes of racism and how badly the disabled were treated. This was a time when people looked after number one, as there was nobody else to do this for them. The twain main characters ar somewhat different, as they travel and work together, looking out for each other(a).This was very unusual because life would incur been hard tolerable without the extra responsibility of looking after another soulfuln ess. The two main characters have estimable been evicted from their work in a town called Soledad (which convey loneliness). They are the scarcely people in the book whose finds Christian names are actually used. It shows that nobody makes the effort to make friends enough to be on first name terms. This is symbolic of the loneliness of each of the characters and shows how unusual the two main characters are. The two main characters are called George ands Lennie. There is very little training or so them in the book. They work for their keep on the ranches. Lennie is slightly brain damaged and has a very limited memory. He is an enormous man and Steinbeck very much compares his actions with those of a large, clumsy animal using similes and metaphors Dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws.These are intended to subtly give the reader the burden that Lennie is big and clumsy, equivalent an animal that does not know its own strength Lennie dabbled his big paw in the water. George is exactly the opposite of Lennie. He is small, calamitous and quick, and is cautious about his surroundings The small man stepped nervously George is always on the look out and he knows how to look after himself. The town they had just come from was called Weed which could signify that they were unwanted, like a weed, there they were coerce out of there because Lennie made a mistake. He had grabbed a woman and she give tongue to that he had raped her. George is very much the dominant figure in the relationship and makes all the decisions. At the very start you kitty tell this because Lennie copies George in the way he looks and acts Lennie, who had been watching imitated George exactly. This suggests that Lennie looks up to George and wants to be just like him.This is quite sad tangiblely as he has ended up zip fastener like him. Lennie hates to make George angry, like a dog that hates to make his master angry. George feels responsible for Lennie. He is l ike a father figure to him, and he knows that Lennie would never be able to survive without him. He feels a sense of duty because Aunt Clara t elderly him to look after Lennie. The other reason they travel together is George, though he doesnt like to admit it, enjoys Lennies company and he doesnt want to let go of the American intake. They share the stargaze of owning their own place with a few animals livin off the fatta the lan. George knows it is very un in all probability to happen but Lennie still believes and always likes to hear the story of how its gonna be. This is painful for George and he is reluctant to gabble about it. You can tell it is important to Lennie because he forgets anything he is told but he remembers the dream. George and Lennie are always dreaming of the future.When George and Lennie arrive on the ranch, the ranch hands and the boss are suspicious of their relationship. They suspect that George is taking Lennies stake for himself I said what stake you g ot in this guy? You takin his pay away from him? They cannot see why someone else would travel with someone who would restrict them unless they were getting paid. They are lonelier than George and Lennie, and have no real c one timept of friendship. Despite having Lennie as a companion, George is alike lonesome. He is alone in his responsibility for Lennie. In a way it is more like mouth to an animal than a human when speaking to Lennie because George knows that whatever he says to him will be forgotten and mean nothing. From the very beginning we get a touching of this by the way Lennie is made to seem more like a responsibility than a friend to George.Lennie is made to seen like an animal, like a terrier that doesnt want to bring his ball choke off to his master, maybe signifying that he is like a pet that always needs looking after. Steinbeck also uses George play solitaire as a metaphor for his loneliness George cut the cards again and put out a solitaire lay, slowly and deliberately. George lays the cards out like he has done it many time before. Solitaire is a single player game (and solitaire is derived from solitary), this shows that Lennie is not capable of acting like an adult and so George must play on his own. George is held from having his own life by the responsibility of caring for Lennie. He continuously tells Lennie how life would be without him how he could have a girl and a decent job God amighty, if I was alone I could live so easy The lawfulness though, is that George would be even lonely without Lennie. It is ironic at the end of the book that George should be so upset by the cobblers last of Lennie, because then he realizes that he will have to spend all the rest if his time alone. You never know what you have until it is gone.One of the ranch workers, Candy, features heavily in the book. He tries to amount of money the friendship of George and Lennie. Candy is extremely lonely. He has been working on the ranch for many years a nd due to his disability. He is unable to leave because he knows that no other employer would take him on. The only reason he has got work now, is that he suffered the injury to his hand on the ranch. He has seen many men come and go but he cannot move on. Candy knows he will probably die on the ranch. Candy is very talkative because he is so anxious(predicate) to make friends. He warms to this gossip because he on his own when all the workers are in the fields. As soon as he meets George and Lennie he engages them in conversation, hardly letting them speak. He lets out all the opinions, about Curley and his married woman and the other ranch hands that he has formed and never had anybody to tell them to. In fact the only sort of a friend he has is an old dog. The dog is old, has no teeth and it stinks.The dog is used to symbolise Candy old and useless. The dog is also used as a foreshadowing device for Lennies death. When Carlson tells him that he should kill the dog he tries to st op him by do up excuses Maybe itd hurt him, and tries to put the inevitable off wants to spend just one more day with the dog by sidesplitting it in the morning. The only reason Candy had left to live was the dog so in a way Carlson killed a part of him. The dog is also used as a second foreshadowing device for what George has to do to Lennie in the conclusion of the book. Lennie, unlike the dog, however will be killed by the only person he trusts in the world. This will come from the pressure of other people. In the early 20th Century, blacks were heavily persecuted because of their colour. The stable buck is called Crooks and is discriminated because he is a black Spose you couldnt go into the bunkhouse and place rummy cause you were black.He is kept apart from the other ranch hands because of his race. He is very nervous when Lennie enters his room. This is because crooks has his own living space away from the other men. The only people he sees are probably going to affront or hurt him so he is immediately on guard when someone comes in to his room. He is also discriminated against because of his crippled back, which means that he cant work in the fields like the other men. Crooks reveals his past to Lennie in his barn. The irony that his father used to own his own ranch and once he used to lead a comfortable life must be extremely painful for him to relive when he thinks about his present lonely self. That is probably why he is so bitter towards the other men who are treating him so harshly. Crooks is always dreaming of the past Remember when I was a little kid on old mans chicken ranch. The other men would probably dream of having their own space but Crooks is so lonely he would rather be with other people A guy needs somebody to be near him. All Crooks has for company is a small collection of books that he reads over and over again.It must be very lonely being on your own all the time when he thinks about what it had been like when he owned his own ra nch. Sometimes he almost goes crazy with loneliness Maybe if he sees somethin, he dont know whether its right or not. He cant turn to the other guy and ast him if he sees it too, He is only admitting this because he knows that Lennie is not listening, and even if he was, he couldnt remember and repeat what was being said anyway. Crooks is proud and doesnt want to admit that he is lonely or that the men are getting to him by calling him names and abusing him, If I say something, why its just a nigger saying it. When someone calls somebody something enough times a person will start to absorb the names and start to believe that there is some truth to what the person is saying about them. Crooks is treated like an animal.One Christmas time they let him into the bunkhouse and made him fight. The word let is used like letting an animal in for a treat. He then leaves after his fight, for his own room. The men just use him as entertainment. His life is always under threat because he means n othing them. Curleys wife plays a very prominent role in the book as she brings the death of Lennie and herself. She is not given a name through the whole book. This signifies how little everyone thinks of her. She is referred to as jail bait and slut by all the ranch hands. This is due to the manner she has adopted to befriend the men. She unceasingly flirts with any man she meets and being pretty at the same time, she is bound to get herself into some sort of trouble. She acts like this because she is lonely and it is her way of attracting attention to herself.The fuss is that all the workers are afraid to talk to her because they fear what Curley would do to them if they did. Curley is always looking for a fight to show how much of man he is. If he got just the faint scent of her cheating on him he would fight. Nobody want to get on the wrong side of Curley because they know he is a good boxer and because he is the bosss son he can probably get anyone canned if he wants, In rea lity, Curleys wife doesnt actually like Curley and even admits to Lennie I dont like Curley. She married him to show her mother that she could be independent and to get back at her for the letter that could have been her big break that she thinks her mother stole. Curleys wife is dreaming of what could have been, how she could have been in the movies and what a lifestyle she could have had.The marriage between Curley and Curleys wife is not based on love but on sexual attraction Curleys wife is also very lonely, that is why she is always skulking around the bunkhouse with the men. She needs someone to talk to She uses the excuse that she is looking for her husband. In the end her loneliness is the end of her when she tries to talk to Lennie (much the same way as Crooks let out his thoughts to him). The climax of the book starts in the barn. The scene begins with Lennie worrying about his puppy which he has just killed accidentally. Curleys wife enters, as usual looking for someone t o talk to. She begins telling Lennie her life story.All through the book she has been portrayed as a despiteful woman foolin around with other guys, causin trouble., but here her true character comes out. Lennie ends up telling her about his love for soft things so she lets him stroke her hair. The other men can resist her charms but Lennie is not clever enough to know. Lennie strokes it a bit too vigorously and her panic affects Lennie. He breaks her neck by accident, then thinks that if he hides the puppy, which is used as a foreshadowing device to Curleys wifes death George will be more likely to let him tend his precious rabbits. This is sad and ironic, as Lennie cannot grasp the enormity of the thing he has just done. Curleys wife seemed peaceful after her death the ache for attention were gone from her face. She was realised from her prison on the ranch and was now free and happy. When George hears, he despairs, for Lennie has ended their chance of achieving the impossible Am erican Dream.One of the themes of this book is certainly loneliness. The people are segregated into groups. Age, disabilities, race and sex separate many people. Also the time of economic hardship forced men to look after number one. It made it very hard for the men to form friendships as they have very few responsibilities. The book is about the unusual friendship of George and Lennie who have nothing in common with each other apart from they share the American Dream. That is all that keeps them going. It is extremely sad when George is forced to kill Lennie because he was all that George had left. It was ironic because George had always spoken about what life would be like without Lennie how he could be free. Now he had his worry he was devastated that he had had to kill the only friend that he had in the world.

Should Vietnam Concentrate on Tourism for its Economic Development?

Vietnam is in the republic of second East Asia, bordered by khina on the north, by the South China ocean on the east and south, and by Cambodia and Laos on the west. Officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, its area is 331,690 sq km (128,066 sq mi). Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam and Ho Chi Minh City is the countrys largest city. Ho Chi Minh is at the coordinates 106 degrees south, 10 degrees west on a map.There many ways in which the tourist industry would bring in Vietnam as a whole. Tourism, of course, makes a huge amount of cash it could be hundreds of millions every year. For example places like Barcelona have become huge, great cities full of masses thanks to the money made from tourism.Also read thisCheating in a Bottom Line EconomyTourism also creates lots of new-made jobs for the people living in the country and some people who will come to work in Vietnam from other countries. The new jobs will trickle accountability down to the farmers who grow the food for th e people who sell food to the hotels. This means it will be very good for agriculture, giving farmers more money to defile more land and grow more crops.People who have jobs in other industries making products for MEDCs like workers in Pepsi factories, could easily switch to having an easier precisely fall apart paid life in the tourist industry.Concentrating on tourism alone might still work for Vietnam. If the locals take part in planning and ending making, the tourists are responsible in Vietnam and the government sets policies and plans ahead for it hence it could work quite well.But even if it does work then there will be some downsides.Tourists generally makes quite a lot of mess wherever they go, they can destroy some of the beautiful beaches and rainforests. The rainforests themselves will have to be lose weight through for new highways, towns and airports.With the new highways would, hundreds upon thousands of cars and trucks, which would eventually pollute the countr y, turning tourist away from it.The effect on the countries fishing industries could be catastrophic. The South China Sea could be way over-fished, so hotels and resorts would have to import fish, driving prices up and making the appeal of fresh fish aviate.The effect on individual families could be bad too the father could have to move away to a bigger city, potentially leaving the family behind, splitting the family up. This could happen to thousands of families.If the tourist industry failed then the country would have nothing to fall back on, it would use up all its money and end up back at the start.Unfortunately, most of the money tourists spend in foreign countries is immediately used to import more food, equipment and resources for the hotels and nightclubs. This leaves little money left over for the local people and economy.In deduction I think that Vietnam should seriously consider Tourism as a big part of their economy but I dont think that they should ignore everything else. If condition the time, Vietnam could become just as unwieldy as Japan in the computer services/games industry or as big as the States or Germany in the automotive industry.I think the best effect of tourism in Vietnam would be the huge amount of jobs it creates and could make thousands of informal jobs vanish for formal tourism jobs.The worst thing about tourism in Vietnam would be the huge amount of damage that would be inflicted on such a beautiful landscape thanks to all the cars, litter and sewage caused by the tourists.In other words tourism could be great for the country but disastrous as well. But I still think concentrating on tourism would be a bad idea for Vietnams economy.

Oscar Wilde Constanly Mocks Victorian Society Essay

Act III offers happy resolution to the problems of identity and marri get along with that drive much of the humor in the previous acts. Wilde continues to mock the social custom and attitudes of the aristocratic class. He relentlessly attacks their values, views on marriage and respectability, sexual attitudes, and concern for stability in the social structure. Wilde attacks social behavior with the continuation of speeches by his characters that argon the opposite of their actions. While Cecily and Gwendolen agree to keep a dignified silence, Gwendolen actually states that they will not be the first ones to speak to the men.In the very next line she tell aparts, Mr. Worthing, I have something very particular to ask you. Wilde seems to be saying that tidy sum speak as if they have strong opinions, but their actions do not support their words. If actions truly do speak louder than words, Wilde has made his point Society, literally, speaks volumes, but the words are meaningless. Wil de continues his criticism of societys valuing style oer substance when Gwendolen says, In matters of grave importance, style, not seriousness is the vital thing. chick Bracknell discusses Algernons marriage assets in the same light. She says, Algernon is an extremely, I may almost say an ostentatiously, eligible young man. He has nothing, but he looks everything. What more dis invest one desire?Indeed, in a society where looks are everything and substance is discounted, Algernon is the spotless husband. What else do aristocrats value? They seem to esteem the bulgeance of respectability. Respectability means children are born within the context of marriage. Wilde once again mocks the hypocrisy of the aristocrats who appear to value monogamy but pretend not to notice affairs. Jacks speech to Miss Prism, whom he believes to be his mother, is humorous in both(prenominal) its indignant defense of marriage and also its mocking of the loudly touted religious reformers virtues of rep entance and forgiveness.He says to Miss Prism, Unmarried I do not deny that is a serious blow. Mother, I forgive you. His words are all the more humorous when Miss Prism indignantly denies being his mother. It was not at all unusual for aristocrats to have children born out of wedlock, but society turned its head, pretended not to know around those children, and did not condemn their fathers. The gulf between the upper class and its considerations is explored in the scenes with Merriman and Prism. When dame Bracknell unexpectedly shows up at Jacks, Merriman coughs discretely to warn the couples of her arrival. One can only imagine his humorous thoughts as he watches the wealthy tiptoe around each other and argue approximately what should be all-important(a).When peeress Bracknell hears the commentary of Prism and recognizes her as their former nanny, she calls for Miss Prism by shouting Prism without using a title in front of her name. Imperiously, Lady Bracknell divides the servant from the lady of the manor. Wildes audience would recognize this behavior on the part of the servants and the upper class. The stuffy class distinctions defined the society in which they lived. In an age of social registers, Lady Bracknell laments that even the Court Guides have errors. In the next breath, she discusses bribing Gwendolens wet nurse to find out what is happening in her daughters aliveness.In Act III she also reveals that her aristocratic brothers family entrusted their most precious possession Jack to a woman who is more kindle in her handbag and manuscript than in what happens to the baby in her charge. Wilde seems to be questioning the values of a society that believes in social registers, hires other people to neglectfully watch its children, and uses bribery to keep track of the children who are not missing. The death of Bunbury gives Wilde the opportunity to speak of aristocratic fears and have some continued fun with the upper classs lack of compa ssion about death.The 1885 Trafalgar Square riots brought on ruling-class fears of insurrection, anarchism and socialism. Wilde humorously touches on these fears when he allows Algernon to explain the explosion of Bunbury. Lady Bracknell, fearing the worst, exclaims, Was he the victim of a revolutionary outrage? I was not aware that Mr. Bunbury was interested in social legislation. If so, he is well punished for his morbidity. Evidently, to Lady Bracknells acquaintances, laws that protect the welfare of those less fortunate are strictly morbid subjects. In fact, this attitude seems to contradict the upper-class concern for reform.However, in reality, Wilde is positivist the upper-class definition of social reform conforming to the status quo. In Act III Wilde makes a comment on the value of being queer with a veiled reference to Lady Lancing. When Lady Bracknell asserts that Cecily needs to have a more sophisticated hairstyle, she recommends a thoroughly experienced French maid wh o can make a great deal of change in a very short time. She explains that such a change happened to an acquaintance of hers, Lady Lancing, and that after(prenominal) three months her own husband did not know her.Jack uses the opportunity to make a pun on the word know, using it in an aside a comment only the audience can hear. Jack interprets know to mean they no longer had sex, insinuating Lady Lancings preference for the French maid. He says, And after six months nobody knew her, indicating that the homosexual experience made a new woman of her. Although homosexuality would have been seen as immoral to Wildes audience, Jack indicates that being homosexual might be a good thing almost as a social commentary directly to the audience. It seems a double life is necessary after one is married, whether it be bunburying or the homosexual life Wilde was experiencing in an increasingly public way.Wilde continues his assault on family life in Act III by mentioning its strange qualities in several conversations. It appears rather strange, for example, that Lady Bracknell cannot even recall the Christian name of her brother-in-law, Algys father. Algernons father died before Algernon was one, so stranger yet is Algernons comment, We were never even on speaking terms. He gives that as the reason he cannot cogitate his fathers name. Further assaulting family life, Wilde has Lady Bracknell describe Lord Moncrieff as eccentric but excuses his behavior because it was the result of the Indian climate, and marriage, and indigestions, and other things of that kind. spousal relationship is lumped in concert with things such as indigestion.In explaining Lord Moncrieffs marriage, Lady Bracknell says that he was essentially a man of peace, except in his domestic life. Her description invites scruple that the local constabulary might have visited because of domestic disturbances. Family life and domestic bliss do not get high marks in Wildes estimation. When Miss Prism humoro usly resolves the problem of Jacks lineage, Wilde takes his hero of unknow origins and paints him as the aristocrat who will now be assimilated into his rightful place in the social structure.Through the sad melodrama of Jacks handbag parentage, Wilde exaggerates the Victorian clich of the poor foundling who makes good. As soon as Jack is known to be a member of the established aristocracy, a Moncrieff in fact, he is seen as an appropriate person for Gwendolen to marry. They will, according to Wilde, live happily ever after in wedded bliss and continue the aristocratic blindness to anything that truly matters. The tag line of the play, spoken by Jack, is a familiar convention in Victorian farces. In discovering that he has been telling the truth all along his name is Ernest, and he has a brother Jack makes fun of the Victorian virtues of sincerity and honesty and asks Gwendolen to forgive him for speaking nothing but the truth.He now realizes the importance of being the person he is supposed to be. Wilde is saying perhaps that a new kind of earnestness exists, one that is different from the virtues extolled by the Victorians. Maybe it is possible to be honest and understand what should be taken seriously in life rather than being deceptive, hypocritical, and superficial. Some readers believe, however, that the ending shows Jack mockingly redefining Victorian earnestness as just the opposite a life of lies, joyfulness and beauty. Critics debate the interpretation of the last line. A curious stage direction occurs in Act III, revealing the concern Wilde had for the staging of his play to compliment his ideas.As his couples come together and move apart, he emphasizes the choreography of the pairs. He has them speak in unison, both the women together and the men together. It matters not who they are they are interchangeable. Marriage is simply an institution that is a gesture, like a christening. The unison speaking is very stylistic, not meant to be realistic at all. It reveals Wildes attitude that what is important in Victorian marriage names really should not be as important as other considerations.In the end, Wilde leaves his audience thinking about the trivial social conventions they deem important. Their Victorian virtues perhaps need redefining. Institutions such as marriage, religion, family values and money should perhaps have new interpretations. The character of people, rather than their names and family fortunes, should weigh most heavily when considering their worth. Wilde was able to use humor to skewer these attitudes and convince his audience about the importance of being earnest.

Indigenous Religion

Define endemical godliness, and describe at least one aspect of indigenous religions that exists in a similar form in a traditional mainstream religion. The word indigenous means originated in, and thus the term indigenous religion means the original religion of a place. Essentially this term is applied to the group of people of any religion, culture, or argona. The indigenous religion is a singular religion associated with the particular group. For example, the native tribes in the United States follow indigenous religious beliefs which are practiced without any interference of outsiders.Another example is Shinto from japan which is confined only to a particular place and is not practiced anywhere outside of Japan. Thus, all the cultures had been indigenous at one time which has vainglorious slowly and gradually. The aspects of the indigenous religion which mystify never changed are is the thought of human beings sacrifice which was necessary to gain the attention, or to get c loser to God. In modern Judeo-Christianity, the crucifixion and (alleged) resurrection of Jesus, blood sacrifice was focused in order to create atonement and pay for sins.Thus, the old and savage act of sacrificing a human in a certain way is alive from the traditional time to current. The term religion is defined differently by different authors and researchers. It refers to the belief in spiritual beings or it is the beliefs and practices that unite several groups of people into a single moral community. It is of great importance for the society because of the variety of reasons. Religion can have great importance for a society for a variety of reasons and depends on the culture and governmental style it facilitates the controlling process of society.In nations where the government has a life-sized amount of control over the population, religion plays the substantial role. Define religion, and discuss why it is useful in society. Explain why it is important for you personally to go through the beliefs of other religious groups. The contention between religion and science has always been the topic of debate for decades. The science depends on proper reasoning and empiricism age religious beliefs rely on revelation, faith and sacredness.According to some scholars, science and religion are entirely separate as religion is a fairy taradiddle while science is backed by evidence. Thus, they cannot be united in harmony. According to me, both science and religion can coexist as these are entirely different things. But the ultimate aim of both is for the betterment of mankind and thus, interconnection may form between science and religion. Moreover, as foresighted as a person possesses separate spiritual beliefs from empirical facts, science and religion can actually coexist as being religious does not imply that it is the conflicting belief with science.

Advanced Criminology

Anthropological research data has shown the violence is an inherent conduct among the primate species (Walker, 2001). In society, fell violence is a gross occurrence and legislators be possessed of suggested that the behavior of criminals be analyzed in social club to identify any psychological patterns that be consistent among these particular types of undivideds.In the past a couple of(prenominal) decades, neurobiologists have proposed that an individuals condition, which encompasses empathy, morality and free impart, is holistically influenced by the frequency of stimulation and assembly of the neurons of an individual. Such impression is contradictory to the ideal of Cartesian dualism, which states that the virtuoso and the mind are two independent entities that coordinate with each new(prenominal).To date, the accumulation of research reports from the field of neuroscience is gradually affecting the concepts and effectivity of the justice system because of the alter in the concept of charitable behavior and response to different stimuli. Neuroscience has influenced our current understanding of the multiple factors that govern violent behavior among criminals.NATURE VERSUS NURTURE THEORY OF CRIMEThe opening of nature versus nurture pertains to the controversy on whether inherent qualities of a biological organism, which is depicted as nature, is related or influenced by the experiences, condition or situation of that particular species (nurture). The concept the human being develop specific behavioral patterns based on their environment is termed tabula rasa or blank state.This notion is considered to be a major(ip) influence in the development of an individual. These external settings of an individual play a major role in the psychology of an individual, including his anti- complaisant, encroachment and criminal behavior.It has thus been questioned for several decades whether criminals are born or could these particular individuals emerge after successive thus farts in their lives that result in the transformation of a normal individual to a criminal.To date, in that location is much debate over the mechanism behind the entire concept of fault. Biologically or non-biologically influenced, criminality remain an elusive subject that still needs to be comprehensively analyzed.The 19th century classic report of Phineas Gage regarding the anti-social behavior that emerged after massive cost of the prefrontal cortex of his brain from a railroad accident is now considered as the birth of the field of forensic neurology (Harlow, 1848).Today, computerized imaging of his fractured skull has shown that the autonomic and social nerve systems are the specific damages that were affected, thus resulting in a totally different individual. Such ceremonial, together with research results gathered from war veterans, has light-emitting diode to the conclusion that violent criminal behavior is caused by injuries to the frontal lobe of the brain.It has then been proposed that injury to the prefrontal cortex of the brain causes a condition that has been coined as acquired sociopathy or pseudopsychopath (Blair and Cipolotti, 2000). It is interesting to know that there is an 11% reduction in the size of the grey matter of the prefrontal cortex among patients diagnosed with anti-social personality disorder (APD) (Raine et al., 2000).A related observation has also been observed between intelligence and alterations in the grey matter of the prefrontal cortex.The temporal lobe of the brain has also been determined to influence an individuals emotional response and aggression, wherein lesions in the amygdale of the temporal lobe result in an individuals failure to recognize fear and sadness among the faces of new(prenominal) people (van Elst et al., 2001).The radio link between the decreased expression of the monoamine oxidase A enzyme and reactive violence has already been established (Caspi et al., 2002).Monoamine oxidase A is responsible for the catabolism of monoamines such as serotonin (5-HT). The works hypothesis currently accepted is that the prefrontal-amygdala connection is altered, resulting in a dys structural aggressive and violent behavior, resulting in criminality in particular individuals.Earnest A. Hooton (1887 1954) is a passing ac allegeed physical anthropologist and evolutionist. Much of his work focused on interindividual variations based on physiological and anatomical characteristics, including measurements of buttock-knee lengths as the main basis for constructing seats for the Pennsylvania railroad line trains.Hooton was also recognized for his concepts in primatology and relative anatomy as basis for explaining differences in the human as well as primate species.He was successful in describing a primary race, of which can be set ahead subdivided in several racial subtypes. He is a proponent of the concept of eugenics, which involves genetic selection of traits tha t are deemed beneficial to the current population.The field of eugenics has been an interest in the field of biology and medicine because it facilitates the creation of new haplotypes that may be positively selection in the course of evolution.Hootons work is also significant to our current scientific concept of execration because he persistently attempted to prove that criminal have biologically distinct characteristics from non-criminals.His anthropological work on physical differences based on a population of approximately 13,873 male prisoners from 10 different states across the United States. His results strengthened his claim on the biological causes of violence and aggression and that his claimed that criminal behavior is a simple representation of an inferior type of human species that has degenerated.Unfortunately, Hooton was inadequate in integrating the concept of population genetics into his research because he haphazardly took 3,023 men from the general population to conduct a comparative analysis of physical differences. His measurement of foreheads, eyelids, ears, cheekbones, jaws, chins and shoulders resulted in a confusing supportive evidence for his claim.He explained in one of his published works that biology plays a major role in the development of individuals and society and that the environment is wrongly blamed for any failure that befalls an individual (Hooton, 1939).The research claim of Hooton had sparked more effort into determine the basis behind criminality. Other researchers from different fields of specialization ridicules Hootons work, describing it as the comical attempt in defining criminal behavior.The general reaction to Hootons claim that criminals are biologically inferior was condemned. Sociologists refused to accept the notion that physical unattractiveness is strongly correlated to criminal behavior.The advent of eugenics in combination with criminality has sparked interest in designed specialized techniques that m ay be applied to individuals that show physical and anatomical features that are consistently observed among criminals.An advocate of Hootons concept on the physical basis of criminality would assertively promote selective management of populations in order to eventually generate a indigenous standard of individuals in the next generation that is distinct from the features that Hooton described that are strongly correlated with criminality. An advocate of the biological connection of criminality would employ the concept of eugenics in screening individuals that show a potential to show criminal and anti-social behavior. To make things more complex, the features that Hooton described may also be used as criteria in admission to schools and workhouses.An extreme reaction would even results in construction of facilities that would enclose candidates or suspects for criminal behavior. A biological discrimination would thus be observed and this unfair basis of screening individuals woul d create more chaos in society.Eugenics may also be translated as a screening bastard in picking which criminals will be kept in prison and which individuals will be freed and this action will be mainly based on the biological features of whether the criminal may be rehabilitated or transformed into a normal non-aggressive person.The so-called degenerate individuals would be kept off the streets in order to prevent interaction with non-degenerate individuals, as well as to prevent future discourtesys in the community. In addition, society would be introduced to the option of strictly selecting partners for uniting because they will be taught to pick partners that show obvious physical differences from the consensus physical features of criminals.THE GENERAL THEORY OF CRIMEThe self-possession hypothesis as proposed by Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990) couples an argument regarding the driving push behind criminality and the features of a criminal act. Gottfredson and Hirschi conte nd that crime is similar to other out of control and unlawful actions such as alcoholism and smoking because it generates in an individual a temporary yet immediate feeling of gratification.This kind of action is created by a condition that is characterized by low self-control. The authors claim that the condition of having poor self-control is an innate condition that is set in place during the early childhood at around 7 or 8 years of age. In relation to the mechanism behind criminality, the authors explain that crime is a straightforward action to results in gratification in an individual.Such perception of crime is associated with a number of implications to the general theory of crime. Firstly, the general theory of crime presents that crime is an uncomplicated action that does not need any strategic breeding or intricate knowledge.Secondly, the general theory of crime is related to a number of elements that are included in the theory of routine activities because just wish o ther uncontrolled acts, crimes are not planned and it is well-fixed for individuals with low self-esteem to be easily motivated to commit such acts.In addition, criminality is strongly influenced by external factors such as the scarcity of easy laughingstocks as well as the presence of associates that are capable of helping or even execute a criminal act.The theory of crime by Gottfredson and Hirschi regarding the early age of 7 or 8 also entails that the longitudinal analysis of crime is not necessary and that age-correlated theories of crime are confusing.The general theory of crime of Gottfredson and Hirschi also considers the fundamental argument regarding age and the unlawful act. It is actually different from what is presented at general courses in criminology regarding the analysis of age-crime correlations and social factors that are related to crime.A distinction of the general theory of crime of Gottfredson and Hirschi is that the age-crime linkage is very different thr ough time, place and culture that the age-crime correlation is irrelevant of any social explanation. Their general theory of crime also describes that criminals continue to perpetrate unlawful acts of crime even during marriage and eventually end up as unmarried criminals.The same thing goes with offenders who are currently employedthese individuals generally continue on as offenders and the single difference after some time is that they lose their jobs.The general theory of crime of Gottfredson and Hirschi thus presents an argument against the connection of crime with marriage and employment thus showing that a criminal is incompetent in maintaining a relationship in a marriage or a commitment to work because he is commonly known as person of very low command of his control.Their presentation of the force behind criminality is thus focused on self-control and the authors point out that most investigations regarding criminality do not include this concept.The authors explain that most of the concepts on crime describe the possible notions of the criminal. Gottfredson and Hirschi thus erect a revolutionary concept of crime that describes that the nature of crime is actually simple because it easily connects the concept of individuals and their immediate environment.They proposed that most crimes are easily performed because there is no need for complex preparations. In addition, a criminal act does not actually impart a lot of deleterious consequences. They describe that crimes usually happen late at night or very early in the morning to any individual. There is also no requirement for reading or skills to perform a criminal act.The authors also explain the concept that crime does not pay because most criminal acts result in undersize to negligible benefits. In the cases that do provide any benefits, the criminals tend to fail with the criminal act or they are highly exposed thus resulting in a lot of risks such as being caught and eventually put in jail .The general theory of crime of Gottfredson and Hirschi also present the conditions that make a situation conducive to crime. They describe that routine activities play an important factor for a crime to happen because these provide the predictability of the movements and activities of the come in individual.Criminals often study how their target victim goes around, comes home or leaves the house. If the target individual has a routine schedule that is very predictable, the criminal will have a very easy way to know the best time for him to invade the house of the target victim.The same factors also influence other criminal acts such as rape, wherein the target female victim may probably pass through the same route late at night and the criminal may pick a day at that particular time when not so much people at around and he can attack his victim at the particular time when the female victim is walking along the street late at night. These settings of predictability of routine activ ities are actually very beneficial to the criminal and this outweighs the risks of performing the criminal act.Other theories of crime that do not consider these features of crime generally analyze other factors that are not consistent with the empirical knowledge about crime (Walker, 2001). The other theories actually claim the each crime has a different force that pushes the criminal to perform such unlawful act.In addition, other theories state that substantial knowledge and training are needed in order for a criminal to successfully perform a crime. The general theory of crime of Gottfredson and Hirschi thus provides a simple yet comprehensible explanation of the force behind criminality.SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES OF CRIMEThere are several sociological theories in the field of criminology. The affectionate Control Theory explains that the utilization of the socialization procedure and social learning results in self-control and decreases the chances that an individual will succumb to an anti-social type of behavior.This theory was strongly addressed by Travis Hirschi and it follows the Positivist, Neo-Classical and Right Realism schools of thought (Akers, 2000). This theory resulted from the Functionalist concepts of crime and suggests that there are four modes of control.The first mode of control is direct, which pertains to imminent penalisation based on unlawful action. This mode of control is also associated with rewards in the case the compliance of the individual is observed.The second mode of control is indirect, which pertains to desistance in performing unlawful acts due to his conscience. Another mode of control is internal, which is related to self-identification of delinquency and its associated pain and disappointment to the people around the individual.A fourth type of control is satisfaction, wherein an individual will not perform an evil act if he is content with his current conditions. Hence the Social Control Theory suggests that individual s will not perform any criminal act if their relationships, value and beliefs are intact.The Strain Theory of criminology explains that the society and its related levels and sublevels persuade individuals to perform criminal acts (Agnew, 1992). This theory was proposed by Emile Durkheim and was further supported by Merton, Cohen and Messner and Rosenfeld. It has been determined that strain may be of two levels.Structural strain pertains to the processes in society that influence an individuals perception of his needs. On the other hand, individual strain pertains to the hostility and suffering that an individual experiences during his search for things that will make him happy. Hence the strain theories present the connection between geomorphological and functional bases for criminal actions.The structural basis for criminality explains the processes behind actions, as well as finding an event with a bigger concept of sites, distances and associations. The functional basis for cri minality explains how independent sections fit and result as a bigger system. Hence all systems are influenced by sections that cooperate with each other and that any impediment that occurs in a particular section will result in a failure of the entire system.This means that either a replacement or a repair should be performed in order to make a system functional again.

Is Having a Sibling a Blessing or a Curse?

I am sure that most of you establish brothers or sisters. And I am sure that this same thought must have occurred to you at one time or another. How many of you have lost your toys, clothes or something that you love very much to your brother or sister? How many of you wish that you were the only child of the family? Welcome to the world of siblings. From the moment our pargonnts announce that there is to be a new baby in the family, we are expected to go through a lot of adjustments.The first and foremost is sharing. Sharing of our dear parents, our rooms, our toys, our favored foods and so on. The second is comparison. The parents, teachers and sometimes even relatives start to compare the siblings. The comparison may be meeting our character, behavior, studies, coloring etc. The often repeated words in many houses is Why grasst you be like your brother or sister? See how good they are. You should learn from them. The third is favoritism. Many parents have a favorite child.It may be because they remind them of their favorite person, like their parents or siblings. Or maybe because that child loves them unconditionally. However, this causes the less loved child to regard the other as a rival. One of the favorite things our siblings like to do is to find out and tell our hole-and-corner(a)s to the very people we try to keep it secret from. They like to boast their own achievements and put down ours. But, not everything about having a sibling is bad. They are generally there for us when we rent them.We can always depend on them when we are in some difficult situation. They sometimes save us from punishments and retributions, if they feel sorry for us. Of course they might need a bribe or some sort of favor after-wards. If your sibling is older than you, he/she would have paved the way for you in school, tuition and sports. If they are younger than you, you can and probably ordain boss them around and make them do what you want. There is a Chinese proverb that translates as You dont realize the value of a thing until you lose it. All of you are doing your A levels next year. After that most of you will leave the country for higher(prenominal) studies. This means you will be alone, without your family in some unknown location for 4 or 5 years. And I am sure that even though you will miss your parents, you will miss your siblings more. You will miss the shared space, shared confidence and secrets that united you. So I sincerely hope that you will enjoy your blessings while you can and treat your siblings better.

UPS: Business Strategy

The United tract Service has been in business since 1907. Over 100 years of delivery expediencys must be a result of a certain method of actment and business that has t egress ensembleowed them such success over meter. What type of structure do they use in spite of appearance the rangeplace to complete the flow of packages? What promotion schema do they use and how does it affect employees commitment to grow? What type of organizational design does UPS use to manage its employees?These argon all questions I would like to answer in terms of UPS management structure to chance how they eve been palmy for so long. Table of Contents 1. Title summon scallywag 1 2. glom Page 2 3. Table of Contents Page 3 4. Section 1 UPS Enterprise Page 4 5. Section 2 Management Functions Page 6 6. Section 3 Analysis Page 12 7. References Page 13 8. References (Count. ) Page 14 Section 1 UPS Enterprise Starting as a small messenger lodge in 1907, UPS, short for United big silver Service, has grown into a massive publicly traded go with today.T successor management structure today consists of a management committee to pull off the entire lodge. The committee consists of the usual CEO, SCOFF, and COO (Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Operating Officer). infra distri simplyively of them is a tree of management. UPS employs a man Relations subdivision which deals with ethical decisions for the company and how employees bequeath be treated. They besides employ engineering department which determines the flow of packages either day (UPS, 2014). They determine what the manning ineluctably to be for each building to run efficiently every night.They as well as determine how many another(prenominal) packages each building ineluctably to process every day in piece to run efficiently and tellingly. The operations management section is clearly the muscle of the operation. They argon the ones who determine how they ar going to get the scheme set by the engineering department completed. The operations department has many tiers of management stretching all the way down to the front line of package handlers. UPS withal practices hiring from deep down as many of UPS Coos open commencement ceremonyed all the way from the bottom of the company.Some logistics regarding the company begin with the fact that UPS employs round 407,000 people crosswise the world, with 348,000 of them within the United States (Statistics Brain, 2014). UPS has grown to offer many different methods of package shipment. Today they offer advantage such as Next twenty-four hour period Air, 2nd Day Air, Ground and even Sonic Air. Next Day Air being their primary source of revenue among the other(a) methods of shipment. Sonic Air is a method not acknowledgen to many because of its extremely high cost.Sonic Air allows you to ship to anywhere in the prompt time possible at an extremely high cost. UPS has gained a very large sh are of the market place with approximately 7. 9 meg customers using their services daily to ship over 15 million packages daily across the world. UPS has developed new improvements frequently with their $53. Billion revenue every year. UPS world central office is in Atlanta, Georgia, with many other regional headquarters al more or less the world in each of the study continents (UPS, 2014). UPS has created a operational layout which resembles their management layout.They use major hubs across the world to process the majority of the packages, which are then loaded onto trucks and distri besidesed to smaller hubs to be delivered to the communities. UPS and Feeds are strong competitors, both ruling the courier service indus exertion. The companies do swallow their differences though, as Feeds is not a unionized company. UPS is a larger company, although Feeds does ope serve out by the air far more than UPS, but UPS has a stronger ground presence. According to revenue statistics, U PS brings in round $53. 1 billion per year compared to Feeders $42. Billion, which translates to $5. 9 and $3. 7 billion in profits respectively. Feeds also employs approximately 100,000 people less than UPS yearly, which factors into the profits. Overall, UPS has the higher market share, holding a 46%-50% share of the entire interior(prenominal) market, compared to Feeders 49% market share on express packages only. In essence, Feeds specializes in express shipments to make a profit, age UPS does every issue to include ground and air shipments (Differ, 2013). UPS focuses heavily on businesses as primary clients.UPS actually has a program for all employees which allows workers to get contracts from any businesses around to use UPS services. Gaining a contract makes UPS money and is an inducing for employees because UPS will pay them a portion of the contract. Overall, UPS is the most dominating force in the courier services industry in the world, making them a very successful bus iness. Section 2 Management preparedness is of the utmost importance at UPS, it is the difference between a failing company and success. The United Parcel Service employs industrial engineers at every hub across the world.Their Job is the do all the behind the scenes work to maximize profit and create the most efficient workplace possible. They also incorporate other departments within the company which all account for certain aspects of the success the company has had. Departments such as Finance, Marketing, industrial Engineering, Operations, and Human Resources are some of the primary reasons for the companys anticipated success. Financially, UPS is one of the more successful companies in America, and is the most successful in the courier services industry.Financial analysts with UPS have made the company very liquid, meaning they have high flexibility. They are gaining functional capital and assets faster as they continue to pay off debt. This work capital goes towards the d evelopment of innovations to better the construct and efficiency of the company. From 2005 to 2010, UPS was gaining working capital at a gaining rate of 28% per year. According the financial model, UPS is running a agreement hat focuses on runs largely on existing equity and splitting the remaining capital on debt and liabilities.They continue to invest profits on working capital to better the company as a whole (Shah, 2010). UPS does focus on selling in some regards, although they let their products do the marketing for them the majority of the time. UPS does more than Just ship packages, they also develop products such as Barbados scanning schemas which get the UPS name out. They have made themselves accessible across close any medium possible. You can reach UPS via phone, internet, in-person, by UPS drivers, at strutting centers, and retail locations. Having the company so readily accessible really promotes the use of the company for shipping needs.They price competitively, which gives them an advantage with consumers because they are so easily accessible compared to competitors (Shah, 2010). Industrial Engineering is the brain of the operational side of UPS. Millions and millions of packages come through UPS hubs every day, without Industrial Engineers working behind the scenes it would be nothing more than a giant flow of packages. This department analyzes the in consent of packages for each of their respective hubs. They allocate how many workers need to work on each deracination for the hub to be efficient and come out positive based on how many expected packages.They also plan for the expected amount of packages for each shift. They have to take into account all of the factors in this determination. pass times are the toughest for this department. Often they have to hire hardenal employees to add additional man hours for the holiday flow, called peak season. In 2013, UPS had a major strategic planning failure during the holiday season due to lack of man power. The engineers at the head of he company failed to make correct predictions just about the flow of packages that would be coming through the system that holiday season.UPS planned to hire an additional 55,000 employees that holiday season, while also leasing an additional 23 airplanes to accommodate next day air shipments in order to make before Christmas day delivery promises (Leonard, 2013). Clearly this was under planned as Christmas day rolled around and many packages were still stalled in the hubs across America forcing managers of the hubs to work hours on Christmas day and Christmas Eve, which are commonly holidays for UPS employees (Banker, 2013).This goes to file how important the Industrial Engineers in UPS actually are to the company. They are paid to make the overall operations plan every day of the year, which are then carried out by the operations managers. The operations side of UPS is the muscle of the entire organization. This the department t hat has to perform in order for the company to be successful. These are the workers that consumers deal with on a daily basis. Planning for this department is done mostly by the Industrial Engineering department, although they can deviate from the plan as necessary.One thing the operations depart works on with planning s how many managers they intend they will need in order to get the most from their hourly work force. Integrating airline, ground, and warehouse operations is key to the success of the mission of UPS. Customer service is the greatest advertising tool that UPS has, and the operations department is in control of this as they are the ones out and about working on the front lines. Finally, UPS utilizes a Human Resources department for planning that deals with hiring employees.With UPS vast interlocking of employees, it is the HER department that is key to withstanding these employees happy and satisfied enough to continue to work art for the company and keep the turnov er rate low. Once the II department determines how many employees will need to be hired for peak seasons, its the HER department that is in charge of hiring those employees in time for the season. Planning for the HER department is organic for the happiness and productivity of employees. Organization I think UPS has done a brilliant Job in the way they have designed the company to manage itself.Instead of having one large chain of command, UPS has one CEO, but many different departments and many different levels. UPS has its large hubs, which all compete against each other. Hubs like dinero and Louisville are some of the largest. These hubs flow millions of packages through them every single day, but they wouldnt be able to do that if they didnt have smaller hubs throughout the country. The design allows for the packages to flow into the major hubs throughout the country, and then they distribute them by freight to the smaller hubs, which then load them on to package cars and deli ver them out to houses.UPS also utilizes a Human Relations department which takes care of all their recruitment procedures as well as other parts such as safety. Finally, they use an engineering department which goes all the behind the scenes work for UPS (Drake, 2012). They project how many packages each building will receive that day and take all things into account such as holidays and what not. They also determine how many people need to be hired to curb efficiency and effective working methods. These three departments work as their own entities, but collaborate to reach the main goal.When working with the design of the company managers need to consider the fluidity of their design. Because UPS focuses largely on timeliness, their organization for the company needs to also maintain a fluid design which allows for the packages o easily flow through the system. I think UPS has maintained this type of design through the departments which they have installed in the organization. A ll departments work unitedly but separate, which allows them to do their own work but unloads some of the work from other areas and allows each area to put more focus into what they do.Knowing someone who used to work for UPS, I can tell you they are very precise and fluid with their design. He worked in the management side of operations. Every day the engineers would show up in the morning to plan the day for the afternoon shifts. High level managers for the afternoon shifts would come in after lunch and begin to put the plans into action. Following them, the lower level managers would come in to prepare for the day after being briefed by their managers. Hourly employees were given a specific start time for each day when they would show up to work.They also had a downtime which dictates when the building should be altogether done sorting packages into their correct destinations. If everything worked correctly, the building would be efficient for that night. The fluid motions of t he company are what keep them successful and efficient. One thing I thought was interesting is that the department who plans out the routes for the delivery drivers try to plan routes that use as many right turns as possible, eliminating the wait at stop lights as much as possible. This kind of planning and organization is key to the success of the company.Leadership UPS practices promotion from within to maintain motivated employees. One longstanding principal within UPS management is that promoting the workers that are already within your company is the way to keep the company in good standing. It always gives employees something to strive for and look forward to. The incumbent CEO, Scott Davis, was originally absorbed by UPS when they bought out his previous company. He worked his way up to being a UPS CEO, although he did not start all the way at the bottom like many leadership within the company.One thing UPS does to push employees to stay with them is they offer health insur ance to all part time employees who have been with them for over a year. In this day and age, something like that is extremely hard to come across. They also offer $1 5,000 in tuition assistance for part time employees, thus encouraging scholar to get their degree. All of this is the season they choose to promote from within. They invest a lot of time and money into their lower level employees so that they can get their education and begin to move up the UPS role ladder.They strongly believe in filling gaps in upper management with employees who already know the system and have been at the level of those guys beneath them (UPS Earn & Learn, 2014). Motivating current employees to do better creates a sense of pride within the company, which in turn creates better leaders. Communication between the leaders of the company comes once again from the management committee that UPS uses. Orders start from the top of the organization and trickle down through the management structure until i t reaches the front lines.One issue that UPS has with conflict resolution is that the company is highly unionized. UPS uses a system of write-ups for hourly employees. Safety has developed a set of rules that need to be followed by each employee while working, and if those rules are not followed, the manager of that employee must right the person up. The issue with this is that the union can almost always get that persons job back if they end up getting blast because of unsafe working. at present from a UPS manager, I know that the only thing a person can be pink-slipped for and not brought back is fighting or stealing.Above this, disciplinary action becomes more regulated by UPS than unions. Managers are not part of the union and therefore cannot get their Job back if fired from misconduct or poor management. UPS and Teamsters consistently work out collective bargaining agreements for hourly employees which state the terms of raises and the guidelines of employment. For example, if an employee is fired by UPS management, they have 10 days to file a grievance with the union to get heir Job back or the termination becomes final and there is nothing the union can do anymore.This type of disciplinary action for hourly employees can cause issues in the workplace, as many employees know they have a very slim chance of losing their job no matter their performance. view as Control is something that every department in the company has to be aware of because they all work separately but together as a whole. Human resources controls the morale of the employees, while operations looks to control the efficiency and work ethic of the work force. Some control tools which UPS utilizes is the advantage of am work. One department can take an issue and pass it on to another department to work on.This allows work to remain focused on the right topic rather than dealing with something that is not commonly dealt with in that specific department. Section afflicted Analysis In summary, UPS as a whole uses a structured departmentally system to mold their company. They believe in promoting leadership from within and encouraging new employees to better themselves so they can progress with the company. It seems that UPS has created a system that is concurrent with their massive success over time. I believe UPS will continue to stay in business for a long time if they continue to treat their employees right and manage the way they do now.Keeping things separate but working together seems to be a working conception as each of the hubs function as their own entity in the big picture of things. I cannot think of any recommendations for the company to use at this time, as I believe they are doing things right. One thing that I do believe is an issue is the unionized workforce that can really lag their occupation because of employees mindset. However, I know this is something that cannot be taken away by UPS management and cannot be fixed easily, so I think they have done a great Job of working around it.

Focus Group

accession Focus theme is a soft technique expenditure to the highest degreely in marketing look into and in like manner former(a) areas of query. This technique is used to collect ancient info. This document consists of training about pore ag chemical group. The main objective of this assignment was to investigate how focus groups techniques are used to collect primary information about the phenomenon at hand in the real world. The research manner used was Google scholar for pedantic journals.The c angstromus library database was also used for to a greater extent academic journals and textbooks from the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU) different libraries. The main problem experience in the completion of this document was that most textbooks about this analyze topic were outdated in the writers c group Aus. Hence, different c group Aereuses of NMMU were visited and the right textbooks were found. This document presents a review of the literature on focu s groups. It continues with an confirmable field of contemplate on organisational corruption in auxiliary schools.Also included, is the reference list of all cited sources as well(p) as an annexure. 2 revolve about GROUPS In the collection of primary data there are cardinal research methods that toilet be of use, quantitative and qualitative methods, which can both be subdivided into idiosyncratic primary data collection methods. Because the main focus of this document is on focus groups, therefore only qualitative techniques go away be menti whizd which are in-depth interviews, projective techniques and focus groups. Seymour (200404) defines focus groups (F.G) as group of interacting individuals having some common affair or characteristics, brought together by a moderator, who uses the group and its interactions as a way to gain information about a specific or focused issue. This technique has been utilised in many an(prenominal) fields to collect primary data as mention ed above and its characteristics are discussed in the following section. 2. 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF FOCUS GROUPS When F. G are considered to be used in a certain research composition thence there are characteristics which have to be taken into account, which are group size, group composition, physiologic setting, moderator, recording tools and length f group banter. Below it is a detailed review on from each one of the above mentioned characteristics of F. G. 2. 1. 1 Group size When determining to embark on F. G one has to regain about the size ( numerate) of that certain F. G. Despite the confusion that can be created by different sources stating a different number of possible group sizes. The research of F. G can be undertaken with a group of 4- 12 people (Tong, Sainsbury & Craig 2007351). Large F. G group size can jeopardise the discussion as it may be difficult to handle the discussion, horizontal so the group size depends on the complexity of the research matter. . 1. 2 Group composition After the group size had been decided then the group composition must be considered as well. All actors taking part in a F. G must be homogeneous in the interest of the studied phenomenon (Malhotra & Birks 2006160). Participants with similar characteristics, which the study is about, make the discussion easier and nicely flowing. 2. 1. 3 Physical setting When choosing the venue to carry out a F. G it is imperative that the chosen venue must also meet the aspects of the phenomenon at hand and of the participants.Daymon and Holloway (2002194) enjoin that choosing the right environment for traditional focus groups plays a vital role as it can decoy freely stub outed opinions from the participants. 2. 1. 4 Moderator In the success of F. G moderators play a vital role. It is of all important(p) role that moderators in F. G keep the environment safe so participants can freely dribble their opinions and most importantly must use probe questions such requires a gr eat experience from the moderator (Hague, P. , Hague, N. & Morgan 200453).Therefore, the moderator ought to possess skills such as creating chemistry with the participants, keep the flow of the discussion and analysing the data collected. 2. 1. 5 record tools No person can be able to cram exactly a discussion of oer 20 minutes by his head some points will certainly be missed. Wiid & Diggines (200990) express that sessions should preferably be recorded (both visual and audio) so that the researcher can review the sessions later in order to gain further insights.These tools therefore, assist to keep the already ensured needed data and the data that the moderator was unaware of during the discussion. 2. 1. 6 Length of group discussion When planning F. G it is essential to plan the succession precisely as it may play an impact on the data collected. However, just like group sizes, length of F. G depends on the complexity of the issue at hand. The more(prenominal) complex of th e issue is the more the duration of the discussion is required, but if so then breaks must be taken in mingled with to let the participants to enliven and produce successful F. G (Malhotra & Birks 2006161).While on the hand, Seymour (200405) being unambiguous reveals that most focus groups encompass 90 minutes to three hours of discussion. With the above discussed characteristics of F. G considered, then one has to scrutinise the advantages and disadvantages of F. G. The following section discusses the advantages and disadvantages of F. G. 2. 2 ADVANTAGES F. G has its own advantages which can attract this technique to be used. These advantages are discussed individually beneath. Cost- because discussions are done simultaneously then it reduces the cost (Wiid & Diggines 200991).Speed- because a number of individuals are being interviewed at the same time, data collection and analysis proceeds speedily (Gerber-Nel, Nel & Kotze 2003104). Synergy- a discussion with a number of participants can also be of help by generating more information than one-on-one interviews (University of Toronto UT 200202). Snowball- Malhotra & Birks (2006162) state that a bandwagon effect often operates in a group discussion in that one persons comment triggers a chain reaction from the other respondents.In elaboration, a comment from one of the participants may reveal an idea to some other participant(s). Scientific scrutiny- because the moderator is also in the venue of discussion with participants, it also gives the moderator the opportunity to also observe (Malhotra & Birks 2006162). However, disadvantages investigated by the fountain are more than the mentioned above but the above mentioned are those anticipated as most important. 2. 3 DISADVANTAGES Focus groups have advantages which can jeopardise the collected data or the data collection mathematical operation itself.These advantages are explained below. Misjudgement- Gerber-Nel et al (2003104) utter that result s are misinterpreted due to bias. Non representative sample- because of the small number of participants in total as compared to quantitative, therefore participants in F. G cannot represent any population (Wiid & Diggines 200991). equivocal results- the results of F. G only retort to what but not why which can sometimes make the trap and create a need for a quantitative research study (Gerber-Nel et al 2003104).Difficulty in analysing- this method mostly consists of words which make it more difficult to analyse (Grudens-Schuck, Allen & Larson 20049). 2. 4 WHEN TO USE FOCUS GROUPS With the above discussed sections it is also vital for one to know when to utilise F. G. Focus groups are mostly used to discover behaviour, perceptions, attitudes and processes (Hague et al 200450). These traits that F. G are used to discover which responds to the question of when to use focus groups? , which in respond will be, F.G can be used in stand alone method, supplementary to a survey and as a part of multi method design (Daymon & Hollower 2002188). The following section will discuss the use of F. G in the study of organisational corruption in second-string schools in bomb and the information provided is based on annexure A. 3 FOCUS GROUP STUDY ON ORGANISATIONAL CORRUPTION IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ANKARA In Turkey after it was seen that the level of corruption in secondary schools is high, it was then seen important that a study on this problem should be undertaken.The moderator and his assistant decided to use F. G study to identify the perceptions of teachers in capital of Turkey (a city in Turkey). The group sizes of the study were eighter from Decatur and nine respectively, which in total consisted of 17 participants (12 males and 5 females). These participants were chosen due to homogeneous attributes meeting the studied problem, because this study is about secondary schools therefore the participants were critically recruited due to their profession of teac hing. Thereafter, the moderator and his assistant held the F. G in a cosmopolitan city of Turkey known by the name Ankara.Apaydin & Balci (2011821) state that in the study audio and video recordings were taken informed consent. Which helped to later on even realise information shared which the researchers were not aware of. The duration of each focus group was 90 minutes, which the researchers matte the time it was the right time, for each group discussion. The fact that F. G were held made it less costly for this study than any other possible study because a double number of people participated in this study at a time which also made it quite quicker.Some points in this study were raised up by addition or revealing of another idea by some other participants comment. On the other hand, the researchers also saw that because at first the participants were suppose to represent secondary schools of Turkey as a nation then later converted to the cosmopolitan city Ankara but still th e researchers saw that the number of total participants is quite diminutive to represent such large population. On the findings of this study it was seen of importance that further study should be carried out on different groups so the findings can be generalised. CONCLUSION This study has been a great study which can be jury-rigged in a way. Such way is that the researchers must carry on with the focus groups and compare findings, if even after several discussions same findings are gathered then it would be a point where the findings can be generalised for the secondary schools in Ankara. REFERENCE LIST Apaydin, C. & Balci, A. 2011. Education. Organizational Corruption in Secondary Schools A Focus Group Study, 131(4)818-829. Daymon, C. & Holloway, I. 2002.Qualitative research methods in public relations andmarketing communications. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge. Gerber-Nel, C. , Nel, D. & Kotze, T. 2003. Marketing research. Claremont New African Books. Grudens-S chuck, N. , Allen, B. L. & Larson, K. 2004. Focus group fundamentals. Methodology Brief 9. Hague, P. , Hague, N. & Morgan, C. 2004. Marketing research in practice A guide to the basics. London Kogan Page. Malhotra, N. K. & Birks, D. F. 2006. Marketing research An applied approach. 2nd rev ed. Harlow Prentice Hall.Seymour, A. 2004. Focus groups. An Important Tool for Strategic Planning1-32. Tong, A. , Sainsbury, P. & Craig, J. 2007. International journal for quality in health care. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) a 32-item Checklist for Interviews and Focus Groups, 19(6)349-357. University of Toronto. 2002. The health communication unit. Using Focus Groups, 021-59. Wiid, J. & Diggines, C. 2009. Marketing research. Cape Town Juta. ANNEXURE A ORGANIZATIONAL CORRUPTION IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS A FOCUS GROUP STUDY