Innovation to Sustainability about Lexus Electric Car Essay

Innovation to Sustainability about Lexus Electric Car - Essay ExampleThe paper tells that Lexus has its home office at Nagoya in Japan and operational centers in the US and Europe. Through its asylum management, Lexus was able to obtain Lexus CT 200h series in 2011 which even surpassed Toyota Prius in terms of performance and luxury. Lexus CT 200h is a hybrid cable cable car which derives its energy from a gasoline engine and electric motors. The power of the battery is very efficacious and transmits 27 kW (kilowatts) of power the motors (The three main strategic innovations atomic number 18 Innovation based on problem-solving vs. continuous innovation, R & D department vs. firm-wide innovation and Radical vs. incremental innovation. Lexus has opted to use radical innovation over incremental innovation owing to the fact that it has shifted completely to hybrid cars. According to Thomas and Christian, incremental innovation is very good for competitiveness but in most cases, it is adopted by competitors who extremity to catch up with leading innovators. In addition, it also uses innovation through the R & D over firm-wide innovation. In the case of Lexus, their innovations are technology-based which forms their strength in designing the Lexus CT 200h series. Technical innovation is essentially the utilization of different forms of technology to come up with a product which competitive and sustainable. Technical innovations are very popular in the auto industry because a consumer is always looking for a car that has an edge over other in terms of technology. Using technology, auto manufacturers are able to add the comfort and efficiency of cars. Organization Lexus has adopted the mechanistic structure which is quite elaborate in launch to handle the challenges of manufacturing their Lexus CT 200h. This form of organizational structure is also good for enabling the accommodation of more lines of production which lead to high production. For ample tec hnical innovation, mechanical structuralisation is good for allowing research and development with regards to technology. However, novel research tries to paint the idea that a combination of mechanistic structure and organic structure is trump sustainable innovations. Organisation in the context of innovation management is concerned with the leadership structure and how material plant. The leadership structure or organizational structure is conceptualized in the manner in which labor is fragmented into different tasks and their subsequent coordination. The auto industry is highly devolved whereby there are different levels of production of car parts. This is important because luxurious cars have many technical parts which require specialized fabrication.

Using Relationship Marketing to Improve Customer Relations Dissertation

Using Relationship Marketing to Improve Customer Relations - oration ExampleThe current dissertation aims to investigate the client relationship marketing strategies of Marks and Spencer following its rebranding efforts. The main objective of the research is to allow a comprehension of the changes that had occurred among customers attitudes towards the brand. Both primary and secondary research entropy shall be used in accomplishing the following objectives of the dissertation Determine and investigate the target audience being catered to by Marks and Spencer Discuss the competitive environment in which M & S plays in valuate the competitive edge of the company as a global brand through a customer relationship survey. The researcher concluds that Marks & Spencer should leverage more on its customer relationship marketing strategies, particularly convenience, being a substantial global bran, and competitive cost. Moreover, in drafting its next branding strategic plan, it should aptly consider the following factors which are deemed improvement areas (lowest scoring items) ambience of the store and personalised service. On the other hand, it may leverage more on its highest scoring items, namely, promotional offers, being a strong global brand, competitive cost and convenience. The results propose that customers have got a very obvious recognition of the boilersuit brand image of Marks & Spencer as a clothing company. More specifically, the company was perceived to have a clearly focused position within the UK retail clothing market and to be lucky in communicating their brand to customers.

Rolls-Royce and the Stock Market Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Rolls-Royce and the Stock Market - Case Study ExampleFactors that are dexterous to influence the market are inflation, exchange rates, government takeover and marketing needs. In this paper an cause will be made to determine why Rolls-Royce plc had such serious difficulties in the seventies and how they any surrender, or should try to, offset any difficulties that might arise.Over the past 20 years, with successful deregulating and innovation in important areas of the economy, Britain has been doing well, and in keeping with that economy, Rolls-Royce has also been doing well. This was not always the case for the confederation. The 1970s were a time of instability for Rolls-Royce, so much so they almost went out of business completely, declaring bankruptcy in 1971. At the end of the decade, Rolls-Royce was in trouble again when their exchange rate predictions went awry. Could thecompany have foreseen the difficulties they would be facing in their engine production and was their financial crisis due to lack of foresight or a roll of the dice With empirical research, up-to-date news, government articles and papers on the business economy, an social movement will be made to answer this question.Henry Royce built the first motor car in 1904 and joined with Charles Rolls to manufacture and sell a range of cars in Britain under the name Rolls-Royce. The company was organise in 1906 and within a year, the Silver Ghost, a six-cylinder car, was lauded as the best in the world. At the find of World War I, Royce designed his first aero engine, the Eagle, which provided half the horsepower used by the Allies in the air war. With the production of the R engine, business continued and Rolls-Royce gained the technological base to develop the Merlin, used in the Battle of Britain during World War II, and the gas turbine for the civil aviation market which led to the Comet, the first turbo thou to enter transatlantic service . In 1960 the Conway engine in the Boeing 7 07 became the first turbofan to enter the flight path service (History Timeline, 2004 The History of Rolls-Royce Motor Cars online). Rolls-Royce was enjoying success as the only British aircraft engine company that could contemplate competing in global markets (Lazonick and Prencipe, 2004, p.6).In 1966, Rolls-Royce and Bristol Siddley merged and continued production of the Rolls-Royce aero engines in both companies. However, with separately company retaining old loyalties, integration was never complete, perhaps creating the first crack in the veneer of the all the same financially solid, growing business. At the same time, American Airlines in the United States announced a challenger for a new trans-Atlantic aircraft. Both Douglas and Lockheed responded with designs, the DC-10 and the Lockheed L-1011, respectively. The designs were

Case Scenario - Mr and Mrs Green Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case Scenario - Mr and Mrs kilobyte - Essay ExampleAnd, the Bailee accepts clothing to return it after they require dry cleaned the same to the Bailor.The Professional Bailee, Spouses Green, has the obligation to return the clothing. If the clothing is lost or damaged in that location is a rebuttable presumption that the Bailee was negligent. The Spouses must show that they exercised ordinary or reasonable care that a overlord dry cleaning shop would do in the same circumstances. If they fail to do so, they will be liable for ordinary negligence and must reimburse the Bailor for the amount of the property.c) Purchase of a business does non mean purchase of the land or building where it is situated. To obtain title to the land and building the Spouses Green may make an offer to purchase it from the Owner thereof. The Spouses Green will encounter two types of material property the immovable and, the movable that has been attached to an immovable (Mallor, et al. p584). The first t ype are real property, by their very nature of being immovables unlike the 2nd type which are by their nature movables considered by law as real property for being attached as a fixture by virtue of1. Attachment If the personal property is firmly attached to the real property that it cannot be take away without damaging the property. The dry cleaning machines, gas tanks, and generators firmly fixed to the building wall and floor with coarse screws and metal clamps are fixtures by virtue of attachment. But, in the interest of encouraging the growth of businesses, they are reclassified as Trade Fixtures exempt from this rule. Trade fixtures are those necessary to carry on the business of the entrepreneur.2. Adaptation the degree to which the items use is necessary or beneficial to the use of the real property. Door knobs changed upon line for security are necessary to the use of the real property

Political Science Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Political Science - Assignment ExampleThis shows that cookery is affiliated to long haul work and is an essential consideration for fruitful execution, profit, and spirit.Value-based initiative as exhibited in transactional leadership is the basis of employee empowerment through training. According to a study by Antonakis & House et al. (2014), the kin between employee strengthening and workers impression of notoriety is a valid explanation of company success. Antonakis & House et al ( 2014) found that employees who feel they have more capacity to perform, or more control in cream make, have a tendency to assess authoritative notoriety in a positive way. In addition, employees emotions of control assume a more imperative part than sentiments of fitness in anticipating their assessment of notoriety.With compliance to the relationship between administration style and employee empowering, results demonstrated that both transformational initiative and value-based authority are conn ected with workers sentiments of control. Transformational leaders are more inclined to delegate force to employees and include them in choice making than value-based

Write 1200 word about the lectures note Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Write 1200 word almost the sings note - Essay ExampleThis lecture also enabled the taste of schooling in itself and the curriculum as a word (Fry, Ketteridge, Marshal 2008).The workweek 2 lecture was called self-efficacy and the independent learner. The lecture is focused on educating the learner on the definition of self-efficacy and how students understand their own beliefs about success. Another concept covered in this week is theory and understanding its value. The next aspect is the differentiation between theory and facts and the definition of mastery. This case enables the students learn the connection between their own success and factors behind it based on the definition they give. The outlet also covers social modeling and persuasion as well as psychological responses and the implications of self-efficacy sources on learning in higher education. Lastly, this lecture covers study groups, the definition of the word and the value and establishment of study groups (Margo lis, McCabe 2006).The week 3 lecture is called learning from and with others. It gives an explanation of the difference between learning from and with others. It also gives an explanation of models of accommodating learning and how they work. I this lecture, we learn how to effectively share and participate in discussion. The three main concepts of this lecture are collaboration, collision and cooperation. Once a student understands the three concepts, then we are able to leave the lesson learnt in group work and learn to incorporate it in our higher learning. The group works underdeveloped four stages of forming, storming, norming and finally performing. The problems faced in groups are also covered as well as solutions to these problems (Kolb, Kolb 2005).He week 4 lecture is educative on feedback and higher education. The lecture involves the definition of feedback and understanding how students se feedback to improve their learning. The value of feedback is assessed the connec tion between feedback and grading is established. Through fee

BUS 303 MOD 1 SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BUS 303 MOD 1 SLP - Essay Exampleolicy, we have been retentiveness in repair with you, through the transparent e-mail messages, where we discuss the routine matters, which concern our day-to-day business affairs. In law of continuation with the same, I shall be discussing with you today about the crucial issue of go foring discipline in observation of promptness towards office working hours.As every one of us is aware of the punch-card system that we maintain for keeping the attendance record of our workers, the same needs improvement. The main drawbacks, which have come to my notice, accommodate difficulty of punching card game faced by those employees, who need frequent visits outside their office, apart from occasional malfunctioning of the system.While suggesting all method of improvement would in itself exhibit the dedication and seriousness of the concerned employee we have formulated a scheme, which provides for the rewards to be given to the first three suggestions, se lected by our HR department for this purpose.As it is our policy to maintain excellent relations with our existing customers, we must thank all of you for providing our reference to your friends and associates. This certainly has resulted in strengthen our customer base, with the addition of new customer relationships. Therefore, it is our prime responsibility to keep you informed about the developments taking place at our end, which include the new mathematical product launches.As we propose to launch the new product by the end of this month, we shall be sending you special invitations to attend the event. Needless to mention here, the highlights of this event would include the demonstration of the product, which will be followed by interaction of our marketing professionals with you all.In the first e-mail, only the trope has been written in the field mentioning from, while the second e-mail has the designation written in this field, later the name. This is due to the fact tha t the second email is for the customers, who are outside the

Personal statement on intended major Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On intended major - Personal Statement subjectOur employees were falling ill and receiving pay cuts for their absent days. I listened to their problems, took notes on e trulything I felt my family needed to smorgasbord out in cast to insure that we did not take a hit in our every quarter earnings. Prior to presenting the problems to my father, I decided to work on possible solutions to the problem on hand so that he would have immediate solutions to the problem. I lead never forget that first day that I met with him, my organizer and laptop in hand, ready to show him what I discovered and how we could fix the problems that were affecting our company. I pointed out to him how our shifts at the factory needed to be increased so that we would have to a greater extent products approach path out of the farm animal bit giving out employees enough time to rest during the day. The shifting memorial would also benefit our part time workers who could fill in for anybody who was not on the working line that day. We had a discussion about the welf atomic number 18 of the employees and how we needed to get some sort of medical reporting for them in order to make sure that they could take care of their health. If we could not increase their salaries, we needed to go other way to keep the employees content. It would be best to make up the difference in another way. It was a highly animated discussion between two equals who both had the economics of life at the forefront of their minds. At the end of the meeting, my father had this smile on his face that went from ear to ear. I will never forget what he told me, Son, I never knew that you were a born economist. Your deductive reasoning skills are above par. Keep up the good work. It was those inspiring words of my father that drove me to take more about economics and how I can use it to benefit myself as a capitalist while also sharing the financial blessings with those who work for me. If that makes me a born econ omist, then I guess I am and I am proud to be one. Personal Statement 2 I form that universe a student these days is practically a 24 hour occupation. In order to stay ahead of my classmates and remain in competition for the best grades in my school, I devote closely of my free time to my studies. However, I also realize that a bookworm may become very good in theory but fail in the social aspects of his life. Which is why I seek my best to balance these two aspects of my life. I am not all about academics. Neither am I all about fun either. However, I do not participate in unspoilt any kind of social activity. I have always been encouraged by my parents to be polite minded and try to do my best to give back to my community. That is why I chose to become a volunteer at a local senior care home. Whenever I want to take a break from the academic grind, I take a trip down to Tzu Chi, a local munificence group that volunteers its services at a local nursing home. We come down twi ce a week in order to help entertain and educate the seniors who are only too adroit to have us intrude into their hum drum lives. One of the activities that they enjoy doing the most is learning languages. I, being Chinese ended up teaching them the basics of conversational Chinese. China is emerging as a new economic giant in the world, our language is also fast gaining its place in the headache world. Which is why most people enroll in Chinese language schools in order to learn the language. I

Evaluate an area of business by using Porter's Five Forces Model Essay

Evaluate an area of business by using Porters Five Forces Model. accept an industry from the list below and describe the relative attractiveness of entering that industry - Essay patternuniversity text haves, religious literature, fictitious novels on all subjects, cooking stuff, books on international relations and new affairs etc. However, the industry has observed a sharp decline in growth subsequently advent of electronic commerce coupled with recent economic turmoil that further hampered its growth. This will be discussed in detail in the following section when author will present real serviceman scenario. (Foner Books Report, 2010)The author would now provide an analysis on Book Selling Industry across the States by using Porters Five Forces model. Each force will be discussed in detail so that a reader could have a clear insight about the scope and business potential in this industry.It should be pointed out that book obtainers in USA could be dual-lane into two major groups such as core students (the educational text books market) and book lovers (that tend to buy books on various subjects). The bargaining power of core students has increased considerably in last 2 years because of decline in demand of school, college and university education. Indeed, the reasons behind that include lack of short - term unemployment opportunities followed by surge in inflation, which compelled the students to take semester or yearly breaks. In this way, decline in demand of students sharp curtaild the demand of course or text books, thereby leading to decline in book selling activities. As far as demand from book lovers are concerned, it should be emphasized that stabbing employment prospects and decrease in consumer purchasing power also forced potential buyers to tighten their belts and reduce shake offing on books. For instance, today book lovers also demand higher value for the money they spend in the market. Hence, it is worthwhile to point out the fact that increase in bargaining power of consumers has resulted in downward pressure in pricing. Leading book retailers such as Amazon, Barnes & Noble, BN.com and Borders were forced to reduce their prices by announcing

Compare and Contrast Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Compare and Contrast Paper - Essay ExampleThus, as the earn implies, current asserts house be consumed during the current period or they arsehole be converted into bills within a short period of time. A good example of a current plus is a bar of soap in the shop or a bottle of cooking oil. These can be utilise within the current period or they can be converted into specie when they are bought by a buyer. 2. Any assets whose use is restricted for purposes other than the current operations mustiness be excluded from current assets (Glautior & Underdown, 2001). Assets are classified as past assets if they are not expected to be converted into cash or consumed during one class of their operating oscillation. The operating life cycle of the outdated assets is usually very long and it can exceed a period of ten years. In almost instances, the noncurrent assets are intangible and they include investments and special purpose bills. These funds cannot be draw back or used with in a short period precisely can only be used after proper plans have been put into place. Long term investments are regarded as noncurrent assets as this money will be meant for long term plans and may not be immediately withdrawn even in case of emergence. Noncurrent assets also include property, plant and equipment used in the firm. This equipment cannot be readily disposed given that it is in everyday use to manufacture goods and products that can be change to generate cash. This equipment can only be disposed if it has past its expected life span but not for quick cash like current assets. 3. The main difference between current assets and noncurrent assets is that current assets can be in form of cash or other assets which can be easily converted into cash. On the other hand, noncurrent assets include investment and special purpose funds and these cannot be readily used like the current assets. Most current assets are tangible and they can be converted into cash easily. On the other hand, noncurrent assets are big assets which include equipment or machinery as well as other property which cannot be converted into cash over a very short period. In some instances, noncurrent assets are intangible which makes them different from the current assets. some other major notable difference between current assets and noncurrent assets is that their operating cycles are different. The operating cycle of a current asset is relatively shorter and it does not exceed a period of one year while that of a current asset is very long. The operating cycle of a noncurrent asset is more than 10 years long which makes it different from the current asset. For instance, operating cycle of a fuddle distillery which is a noncurrent asset may extend 10 years while that of a grocery shop may be no more than just a several days. 4. put together of liquidity can be loosely defined as the order upon which the items in the balance stimulate are listed depending on their liquidity (C hasteen, Flaherty & Oconnor, 1998). As the name implies, order is concerned with chronological presidency of items in their descending order while liquidity is concerned with establishing the readiness upon which cash can be disposed. Something that is liquid is readily used such as cash which can be taken true(p) away from the pocket to purchase something. In this order, the current assets will come after cash or other payments as these can be

'' reviewing and analyzing four articles contained in the book Essay

reviewing and analyzing four articles contained in the book Campaigns on the Cutting Edge book by Semiatin - Essay ExampleIn essence, dissimilar platforms have been realize in terms of campaigns due to the change magnitude adoption of the emerging technologies. Direct interaction between candidates and voters has increased (Semiatin 29). Candidates flata sidereal days reach out to voters though their social media accounts or even those of their campaign teams. This type of interaction has made the voter feel involved in campaign even though they might not be physical present at the campaigns. Campaign management has been widely facilitated and enhanced through applied science. through and through modern ways of communication which are cheap, fast, efficient and convenient. A candidate in a different region can be able to coordinate with campaign team in separate regions. through and through email, Skype, fast mobile communication and opposite forms, coordination is easier and efficient (Semiatin 67). It is worth noting that interaction among human beings has been facilitated through the drug abuse of technology. Coordination can be done irrelevantly without necessarily being there in person. To some extent, this has resulted to the minimization of resources that could be incurred in terms of transport and food. What is more, this has enabled carrying out activities simultaneously in a wider region, saving time, bullion and enhancing campaigning. By avoiding unnecessary movements during campaigns, the campaign affair has consequently become cheap and efficient. All this thanks to spick-and-span technological developments around the world. Mobility has also been enhanced by technology. Increased movement within short continuance of time has enabled campaign teams to cover wider regions and in that case attaining their set goals and objectives accordingly. Use of transport systems like the electric trains and air transport has enabled campaign teams cover wider areas and be able to change locations within the same day which would previously be cumbersome and irksome if not possible. Mobility has majusculely helped utilize the limited time to the maximum. pitch some considerable amount of time means enough time for brainstorming on the nigh strategic moves and reducing pressure on the campaign times especially when deadlines and time becomes a constraint. ontogenesis from party driven to candidate and voter driven campaigns has been achieved greatly through technology. it is worth noting that emerging technology is nearly touching every aspect of life and in that case facilitating means through which other activities are carried out accordingly. Possibility of accessing a wider voter region simply through television is now enabled. Social media sites like Twitter and Facebook have not been left behind either. Initially campaigns would involve tedious ground coverage through campaign caravans or even numerous expensive flig hts especially when accessing remote regions. Evolution of cable TV with the easy and cheap accessibility has made it possible and enabled the wider population to only sit at the comfort of their homes and be able to get every single bit of nurture about campaigns without necessarily attending rallies, leading to easier and more convenient ways of voter mobilization (Semiatin 81). with embracing of modern digital ways of relaying news and information for example though visual and soft touch media, campaigns have never been this efficient. In other words, the implementation of technology in campaigns has played a great part in determining how different activities are performed. Through

A Clockworkwork Orange (1971 movie) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Clockworkwork Orange (1971 movie) - Essay ExampleBesides, the director makes use of the characters as his mouthpiece to go past with the viewers. Thesis statement An investigation to unearth the scope of the problems faced by human beings, within the take on A Clockwork Orange by Stanley Kubrick. Plot summary The plot revolves around the protagonist Alex DeLarge, who is an outlaw and a member of a gang involved in anti-social activities. The film unveils the near future social lifetime in London. But Stuart Y. McDougal states that When A clockwork orange appeared in 1971, it was attacked as an unmediated celebration of the violent young self, as a provocation to youthful viewers to imitate what they saw on the screen (19). As pointed out, Alex represents the gangs in London. After stealing a car, Alex attempts to rape a lady. This incident distracts the members of Alexs gang that they are helpless to revolt against him. This encourages Alex and leads him to further crimes. At l ast, Alex was sentenced to lifetime im prisonment (say, 14 years). Within the prison system, Alex was forced to undergo experimentation to reduce social crimes. The Ludivico technique of conditioning, under the supervision of the Minister of the inner(a) transformed Alex to a new individual. This is the core aspect of the film A Clockwork Orange by Stanley Kubrick.

New Mexico and the American West Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

tonic Mexico and the American West - concession Example2. genus azimuth has shrinking agricultural development while New Mexicos is growing. Arizona has a less Hispanic speaking community than New Mexico. It also has a low population than New Mexico. Arizona has the largest population of American states with 6.6 million with New Mexicos just over two million. Arizona has rapid population growth while New Mexico has a rather slow population growth. Arizona has many Indian communities while New Mexico has few Indian communities with Hispanic communities being dominant. Arizona has a history of political conservatism while New Mexico is not as conservative. 3. 1848-1865 mining began in this rate of flow 1866-1878 Mormon farming towns were raised and crops were grown and then sold to miners. 1879-1899 transportation along with the mining of bruiser began here. Tombst atomic number 53, a major mining town for copper emerged and grew. 1900-1939 Copper boom was experienced in this show and cattle and cotton farming developed as well. 1940 onwards Arizona became an urban place. Economy shifted here and agriculture and mining declined as service industry took over. 4. The Navajo community live in circular homes called Hogan. When a person dies in a Hogan then they shut the doors of the Hogan as they call back that could come along with hatred ghosts. They believe in a state of balance or harmony they refer to as hozho. They believe in traditional ceremonies like one called the blessing way which involves healers and singers attending. They have a ceremony called kinaalda which is one to signify the coming of age of a girl. Four sacred mountains of the Navajo include the sierra Blanca in the due east which means faith and thinking or white shell Hesperus peak which refers to awareness and sympathy mt. Humphrey which means life and love above and mt. Taylor which means planning or blue turquoise. 5. The Mormon embellish had a grid of rather huge streets a nd there were also ditches on the sides of roads for irrigation purposes. Towns had rather promiscuous fields and there were also polygamous houses. There were also two by two houses and the towns had bans and granaries that had not been painted. The church meeting house was at the center of town and the residences were made of brick and stone. The plat for the city of Zion is essentially the land tenure issue of the state of Utah. This refers to the need for irrigation, need for shared resources and the need for defence. This is also committed to the law of the Indies. 6. Utah was more or less an all Indian nation and it had Mormons settle in it. The state therefore had its key land tenure conflict being Mormons vs. gentiles. Utah has been praised for many reasons that mark it different from the rest of America and one of these reasons is the fact that it has been rated the best state in America for scotch growth. It is ranked highest for its economic dynamism by Forbes magazin e and the USA today ranks this state first for the character state government that it has. Prudential insurance ranks Utah as the fifth healthiest state in the states. The common salt lake is in this state and it is therefore referred to as the Salt Lake City. Forbes ranks it as being the best city when it comes for jobs and it has as well been said to be the fittest city. The land tenure driver for Utah is the plat for the city of Zion and this is certainly due to the fact that the Mormon Church initially runs things there. It is said to be the third

Jet Blue Airways, A new beginning Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Jet Blue Airways, A parvenu beginning - Case Study ExampleThis analysis evaluates the effectiveness of the strategic flip focus and the essence areas impacted by this strategy.and implementing change at various levels and involving employees at various levels along with strong leaders support. This process was successfully implemented at JetBlue Airways, which was experiencing huge losings due to various external factors bid fluctuation in prices, bad weather conditions, etc. A deeper study and observation revealed that performance of the family could be improved by altering their short letter strategies, operations processes and employee engagement practices. This paper evaluates the strategic change process adopted by JetBlue Airways in modifying their irregular operations (IROP) management to create better management and processes that resulted in formation and implementation of the IROP Integrity.cost service to people and to connect more places within the US. Their busine ss strategies worked well and yielded enormous profits and growth for the company during first few years. The secret to this success was attributed to their operable capabilities, employee management and outstanding customer service1. However, some of their business strategies entailed serious glitches that eventually caused huge revenue losses for JetBlue during bad weather conditions because their operations were not designed appropriately to handle flight cancellations and other link up activities. Revenue losses during bad weather conditions were due to inappropriate management, inappropriate information and communication, payback to customers for losses, logistics issues, additive costs incurred for crew members duty modifications in addition to losses because of flights cancellation. Until the worst ice storm in February 2007, JetBlues focus was solely on growth and expansion2.

My Favorite Restaurant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Favorite Restaurant - Essay ExampleThe current circuit board is much contemporary with a wide range of choices that emphasizes freshness and flavor.The history of Los Amigos dates back to 1976 when the first restaurant was opened in western United States Berlin. It was the first of its kind in the Delaware Valley and offered a range of traditional Mexican as sanitary as Tex Mex dishes. A second restaurant of Los Amigos was launched in the Old City Philadelphia area in 1977. When the adopt for exotic Mexican food increased and when gambling was legalized, a third Los Amigos was opened in Atlantic City in the year 1979.The owners of Los Amigos, Curt, Pat Shemeley and Mini Taylor however sold the restaurant in Philadelphia in 1998 to focus on the reopening and renovating works of their Atlantic City restaurant in the year 1999 (About Los Amigos).Los Amigos serves special menu cursory for lunch and dinner. They offer convenient carry out service which can be request over phone. The hot and delicious food can be carried home or office. The restaurant offers grant certificates available always which makes a good gift for any occasion. Drink specials are available daily through the week and the full service bar features a good selection of specialty drinks and Mexican beers. The non-smoking, cozy and family friendly ambience of the restaurant is accentuated with the friendly and fast staff (Cheyennes favorite Mexican Restaurant since 1977).The extensive menu at Los Amigos includes the dinner menu with a wide range of aperitivos, favorites, childrens specials, tex-mex and especialidades. Lunch menu includes starters, soups and salads, house specials and tex-mex.Salads include Caesar salad, house salad and tropical salad. Soups include black bean soups, shile santa fe and more. A wide range of favorites comprise char grilled fajitas, crab and shrimp enchilada, roast embrasure cimichanges that go with

Twenty-first Centry Images of Nurses and Nursing Essay

twenty-first Centry Images of Nurses and Nursing - Essay ExampleEffective leaders in the nursing jobal also hold in that the nursing education and practices are quality and safe. Effective nursing leadership advocates for an innovative, collaborative, and evidence-based working environment, which assists the nurses in the profession to fetch value and respect in their position. The nursing profession has evolved over the years, from the sign description of change the environment to ensure that the uncomplaining is in the best condition possible for nature to act upon them. This was the initial description of nursing by Florence Nightingale in the mid 1800s. However, the world has had broad and milestone advances in technology and scientific facts over the past ecstasys, thus the roles of nurses have evolved to those of promoting wellness, assisting patients to cope with their illnesses, and preventing diseases. The roles of a nurse including concussion some of the needs of a patient that cannot be met by any other member of the nine (Summers and Jacobs, 2009). Currently, the nursing likeer is a helping profession, providing assistance services to the well being and health tutorship of patients. Nonetheless, the nursing profession is expected to evolve even more as we venture into the second decade of the twenty-first century. The nursing stereotypes has also changed with the development of the nursing profession, evolving from a domestic art, a religious calling, a skilled discipline, a pool of expert managers, a pool of expert clinicians to today. The media representation of the nursing overlord influences the societal view of nurses and nursing in general, portraying them as toxic to innocuous. Among the representations include the ministering angels taking care of wounded soldiers, the dumb nurses happy to be on the receiving end of patients coughs, the saucy nurses wearing their usual brief skirts, pneumatic breasts and frilly hats, and the ba ttleaxe, the queen of patient torture in ward routines. However, experienced and qualified nurses have come forth to present the real images of nursing and the profession, arguing that the media portrays the professionals as background fillers rather than exceedingly skilled, university educated, and autonomous health care specialists responsible for the life and death of patients. These nurses oppose the commonly held notion that technology can replace nursing, presenting facts that back their stand. According to them, a device hooked up to a patient cannot detect some of the subtle changes that may be life threatening to the patient like demeanor, color, demesne of mind, or their speech (Summers and Jacobs, 2009). The image of nurses and nursing is improving over time, with more regards and appreciation over the splendor of the profession. The education and practicing standards of nurses have improved immensely in the twenty-first century, with the curriculum incorporating high -level skills and techniques on health care. In todays society, nursing is considered as an autonomous and professional, complete with its own theories and methodology. 2. Describe iii historical views that influence or have influenced the definition of contemporary nursing as a science, an art, and a practice? Many nurse researchers consider the contemporary nursing profession as a fundamental science. This is a result of the various nursing theories put forth. Contemporary nursing principles organize the nursing theories in a hierarchical order,

Outline and evaluate the working memory model Essay Example for Free

Outline and evaluate the working memory object lesson EssayBaddeley and Hitch (1974) demonstrable an alternative copy of short-term memory which they called the working memory model. The working memory model consists of quartette components. The underlying executive which controls and co-ordinates the operation of two subsystems, the phonological loop and the visuo-spatial sketchpad. The central executive controls attention and coordinates the actions of the another(prenominal) components, it can briefly store knowledge, but has a limited capacity. The phonological loop consists of two parts, the articulative control system and the phonological store. The articulatory control system (the inner voice) where information is rehearsed sub vocally and has a capacity of about 2 seconds. The phonological store (the inner ear) stores information in saving-based form, the speech input is held for a brief duration. The third component, the visuo-spatial sketchpad, mentally manipula tes images and space, for example it is used when a person imagines the encodes opthalmic information in terms of separate objects as well as the arrangement of these objects in ones ocular field.The final component, episodic buffer, receives input from many sources, temporarily stores this information, and then puts them together in order to invention a mental episode of what is being experienced right now. The licence of the existence of the working memory model offers a better account than the STM component of the multi-store memory model. This is because it moves from describing immediate memory as a unitary store to one with a number of components.The working memory model does not over emphasize the importance of rehearsal for STM retention, in contrast to the multi-store model. It is an optional cognitive process kinda than the only means by which information is kept in immediate memory. The working memory model also explains many psychological observations. The KF case study supports the Working Memory Model. KF suffered brain damage from a motorcycle accident that damaged his short-term memory. KFs impairment was mainly for verbal information his memory for visual information was largely unaffected.This shows that there are separate STM components for visual information (visuo-spatial sketchpad) and verbal information (phonological loop). However, there are also arguments to suggest weaknesses of the working memory model. The main limitation is the lack of evidence for the central executive, some psychologists believe it is too vague. Critics also feel that the notion of a single central executive is wrong and that there are probably several components. This could make the working memory model appear reductionist because it has only been described as being unitary and over simplified.From this, it could be suggested that it is lack in detail and is not fully reliable. Finally, much of the supporting evidence for this model comes from the study of brain-damaged individuals, where it is undoable to make before and after comparisons, so it is not clear whether changes in behaviour is caused by the damage. Finally, the process of brain injury is traumatic, which may in itself change behaviour. These factors limit the validity of any conclusions drawn.

Well-Being In The UK Essay Example for Free

Well-Being In The UK testRacism is a tenderly constructed phenomenon, evident within mainstream societys individual and institutional value systems. The corrosive do of racialism seriously impinge upon the life chances and life expectancy of ethnic minorities, living within the get together Kingdom. Within this essay I will attempt to highlight the social implications of racism, illustrating the relationship between racism, want and social exclusion. I will also consider recent goernment legislation and the contri justion needful from Social Services to combat the perpetuating effects of racism. Within todays society racial classification creates a supreme framework of superior and inferior beings, some still believe superiority of one race over another is a result of biological indifferences. According to De Gobineaue the white race possesses intelligence, morality and will situation superior to those of the others other races (Giddens 1993264). Alternatively, black race s atomic number 18 considered to be, in educable, deviant and inferior to their white counterparts.These stereotypical viewpoints embody the mettle of racism Giddens (1993) defines racism as falsely attri justing inherited characteristics of personality or behaviour to individuals of a bad-tempered appearance. The negative affects of racism profoundly impact upon institutions such as education, housing, employment and health to name but a few. Institutional racism is an accepted concept existing within both the public and offstage sectors. The Macpherson Report defines institutional racism as .the collective failure of an organisation to provide an appropriate attend to people because of their colour, culture or ethnic origin (Macpherson Report, 1999) The reality of such a damning narration confirms the loss ethnic minorities encounter in their every day lives furthermore the negative effects of racism correlate with statistics illustrating, ethnic minorities experiences with poor standards of housing and lower levels of income. Within the United Kingdom, ethnic minorities represent well-nigh 5.5 per cent of the population (Commission for Racial Equality 1999) most minority ethnic groups live in socially and economically deprived areas, experiencing limited access to quality services. Poverty is a fundamental disadvantage afflicting many ethnic minority groups amongst the diverse population contained within the label ethnic minority groups Bangladeshi and Pakistani families are by far the poorest groups, research carried out by (Foundations 2000) reveals that 60 per cent of Pakistani and Bangladeshi communities live in poor conditions.The effects of poverty significantly contribute towards lower social status, poorer life chances and a feeling of powerlessness the consequences of poverty not only deprive individuals of material necessities but when combined with racism, exacerbate social inequalities that further compound the disadvantage that already e xists. Residing within socially and economically deprived areas, places limitations on the quality and standard of education ethnic minorities receive (Giddens 1993). Many inner metropolis schools fail to recognise, the intrinsic needs of children from different races.Furthermore, under-representation of ethnic minority teachers and a curriculum that emphasises white authorisation contribute towards accusations that the educational system is institutionally racist. Maxie Hayles, chair of the Birmingham Racial Attacks Monitoring Unit quotes- Black children are often labelled by teachers as disruptive and less intelligent than white pupils creating a egotism fulfilling prophecy. Black youths need something they feel debased they need something to identify with. (Hinsliff and Bright 2000)

The Drinking Age Should Stay at 21 Essay Example for Free

The Drinking Age Should Stay at 21 EssayI. Introduction Starting in 1970 21 states reduced the minimum drinking date to 18. Another 8 reduced it to 19 or 20. However, these states noticed increases in inebriant-related fatalities among teenagers and young adults. As a result, of the 29 states that had lowered their drinking age, 24 raised the age again between 1976 and 1984. By 1984, b bely three states allowed 18-year-olds to drink all types of intoxicantic drinkic liquor. The enactment of the National Minimum Drinking Age forge of 1984 prompted states to raise their legal age for purchase or public possession of alcohol to 21 or risk losing millions in federal highway funds. The states who raised it were given highway funding by the judicature becuase the governement felt that teen drinking was directly connected to car accidents among teens.Opposite Postion ConII. A. The longer we back end delay alcohol use, the better the chance that a person will never have a proble m with alcohol dependency later in life. 1. A survey of 43,093 adults showed that those who begin to drink alochol before the age of 14 become more dependent later in life. 2. This is compared to the 9 percent of those who ask until they are 21.III. A. Young Drinking Stops the Brain from growing and learning properly. 1. The brain stops growing at 21 so drinking earlier can cause serious damage 2. In one experiement it showed that even one high dose of alcohol temporarily prevented the creation of new cellsIV. A. Exessive small-scale drinking at parities can lead to rapes, sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancies. 1. 60 percent of female college students who gouge sexually transmittied diseases say they were under the influence at the time of the intercourse with the infected person 2. 20 percent of sexually active college students say they fail to use contraceptives when they are drunk. Supporting position professionalV. A. If lowered to 18, younger teens will be able t o get alcohol more easily. 1. A 2009 University of bread study reported that 80 percent of tenth-grade students believe alcohol is either fairly easy or very easy to obtain . 2. Teens with 18 year old friends can easily obtain the alcohol from them and possibly get into cars with these throngVI. A. When teens drink alcohol, they are more likely to binge drink than people above the age of 21. 1. A 2007 by the substance abuse and mental health services government activity found that 19 percent of 16 and 17 yea olds binge drink on alcohol each month. 2. 35 percent of people between the ages of 18 and 20 binge each month.VII. A. When Teens are not taught to drink in moderation they end up binge drink when they drink alcohol. 1. legion(predicate) colleges aim to educate students about alochol consumption. 2. Alcohol Edu was installed in 450 colleges to instruct incoming freshman about the dangers of bingeing.VIII. A. bacchanalia Drinking can lead to many car crash fatalities. 1 . The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that binge drinking accounted for more than half of the 80,00 annual deaths associated with ecessive drinking 2. In 2011, 85 percent of all alcohol imapired driving arrests or accidents involved people who also reported binge drinkingIX. Argument in support of position The Institute for Creative Research ( ICR ) found hat 84 percent of teenagers suport care or raising the current drinking age. They are supportive of legislation that will reduce the risks for them.

Participative Management Essay Example for Free

Participative Management EssayParticipative Management (A Critical Study) Assignment go Management COURSE CODE-EM-517 Prepared for Mr. Muhammad Mohiuddin Professor Department of Management Studies University of Dhaka Date of introduction July 30, 2012 Acknowledgement At first I desire to express my deepest sense of gratitude to almighty God.With profound experience I gratefully acknowledge our respected course teacher Mr. Muhammad Mohiuddin for his generous help and suggestion during eagerness of the report. I would like to give thanks especially to my friends and many individuals, for their enthusiastic encouragements and helps during the preparation of this assignment by sharing ideas regarding this subject and for their assistance in proofreading this manuscript. Sincerely yours, Siddhartha Bhowmik ID 03-10-19-056

Iran-Contra affair Essay Example for Free

Iran-Contra affair EssayThe Iran-Contra affair was a US scandalizationization that occurred in the mid 1980s under the leadership of chair Ronald Reagan and vice professorship George bush. The scandal majorly involved two make upts. First, there was the sale of US arms to wholeness of its main enemies, Iran and then(prenominal) the millions of dollars in profits derived from the arms deal were used to finance a clandestine operation rejected by congress, the financing of Nicaraguan guerrillas named the Contra. The Contra guerillas were opponents of the Nicaraguans Sandinista rebels who came to power after overthro upgradeg Anastasio Somoza, the then leader of Nicaragua in the year 1979. The idea was to near the release of American warranters held by the Hezbollah terrorists. This scandal prompted numerous investigations that led the indictment of US organisation officials. Indeed, many questions still linger on the minds of many concerning the role played by top US Wh ite House officials including President Reagan and the then vice president George Bush (TheFreeDictionary, 2009). This paper will wrangle some of the dealings in the arms trade, stating their historical background, reasons behind the trade, the parties involved and its eventual outcome.The Contra Affair frontmost received public attention in November 1986 after al-sharia, a Lebanese publication reported that the American governance was involved in arms trade with Iran. Worse still, a Central Intelligence effect (CIA) supply plane was shot down by the Nicaraguan forces. The only survivor was the pilot and he was captured. The plane was carrying, over 50 000 rounds of ammunition, Russian rifles and boots (Tristam, 2009). The confession of the pilot shocked the public indicating that the US government was involved in arming the contra rebels and in like manner confirmed the earlier reports in the Lebanese publication.The irony was that President Ronald Reagan was on record as havi ng numerously associated the Iran government with terrorism (TheFreeDictionary, 2009). Why Reagan supported the Sandinistas To Reagan, the victory of the Sandinista in Nicaragua was a major US security threat since he thought that it had the potential of sparking off a conversion in Central America (BBC word Channel, 2004). The fear could be traced back to 1954 when Jacobo Arbenz won the elections to become president of Guatemala. What alarmed the US government was his oratory which indicated that the US government was on the verge of losing its control in Central America.In 1979, the Sandinistas overthrew the Arbenz government and initiated communist reforms. This was in spite of the fact that in existing reek they never really defined themselves as communists but as pluralists. They began to reallocate estates and to redistribute wealth and this was ample to alarm the United States which became uncomfortable with having a communist state right in its backyard. Violence also er upted spreading to other countries and this was seen as an indication that communism could end up spreading to other countries in Central America (BBC News Channel, 2004).Reagan was alarmed by these developments and felt that he had to do whatever it took to suss out this. Fortunately for him, other themes at heart Nicaragua began arming themselves against the policies initiated by the Sandinistas. Reagans hope then lay in equipping the rebels in an attempt to overthrow the Sandinistas government. At first he allocated the funds openly and even gave additional funds to the CIA to carry out his mission. However, the allocation of funds to the contras was contend within the United States throwing his plans to the gutter.Ronald Reagan elaborateness with Iran Ronald Reagan was known to have publicly referred to Iran as one of the nations that both supported and financed terrorism in the world. It hence seemed to be a stab in the back for US citizens when the world heard reports th at the US was transaction arms with its worst enemy. The entire situation could be traced back to the 1980 US presidential elections. These pitted the then president Jimmy Carter against the implicated Ronald Reagan. The period between the 1970s and 1980 was one characterized by numerous incidences of hostage taking.In the year 1979, fifty two workers of the US embassy in Iran were captured by Iranian students and held hostage. The US at the time proclaimed a no- negotiation policy when dealing with terrorists. The then president Jimmy Carter failed to unattackable the release of these hostages (Absolute astronomy, 2009). During the elections, Jimmy Carter was slightly taking the lead and if only the US hostages held by the Hezbollah group had been released, it could have been a sure win for Carter. The release of the hostages then became the decisive factor on who would win the elections.This prompted the Reagan team to negotiate a release deal with Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran. Th is team met with the then prime minister of Iran Bani-sadr in Paris. The agreement reached was that the US hostages would remain captives until after the election and in extension of this favor, Iran would be supplied with weapons. At that time, Iran was at war with Iraq and the supply of weapons was absolutely welcomed. It therefore came to be that immediately after Reagan won the elections, the hostages were released ( holy person Force, n. d). Arms transactionsThe US received special assistance from Israel to carry out the sale of arms to moderate Iranians opposed to Ayatollah Khomeni. Michael Ledeen and Robert McFarlane the then National Security Adviser managed to convince the Israeli government to ship arms to these politically influential Iranians in snuff it for the same kind of weapons along with monetary benefits. Israel agreed but in the mean time Reagan was hospitalized for a colon cancer surgery. Later on, Israel time-tested to convince the United States to leave al one Israel to sell a few antitank missiles as an indication that the Iranian group had strong US ties.This offer was initially rejected but eventually Israel managed to convince Reagan that the group was an antiterrorist group. The group in return had promised to talk to the captor to release seven hostages, a proposal that Reagan readily consented to. The plan was later readjusted such(prenominal) that the arms were now to be sold directly to the Iranians at a marked up determine of about 715 million dollars as suggested by North. This price was rejected but eventually over one thousand anti-tank missiles were shipped.The adjustments also included the financing of the contras contrary to the Boland Amendments that restricted the US administration and the CIA from financing the contras. (Absolute astronomy, 2009). The scandal blew up after Mehdi Hashemi a cleric with the Islamic revolutionary guards leaked information concerning the trade to Ash-Shiraa, a known Lebanese magazine. This together with the crashing of a CIA plane led to Reagans confession in the national tv set that the arms deal transactions had indeed taken place.His argument was that the trade had taken place in an attempt to forge better ties with Iran and to also to make Iran reconsider a negotiation for the release of held hostages (Absolute astronomy, 2009). certainty The Iran-Contra Scandal led to the sacking of numerous government officials including Oliver North who was sacked and also tried for the shredding of express (some say that the evidence was bulky enough to jam the governments shredding machine. In his defense, North tried to link the case with the Vietnam War by arguing that the main issue in the affair was the actual financing of the contras (Isaacs, (1997).He also attempted to justify his action by saying that it fell within his powers. The presidents popularity ratings also dropped from a high of 67% to a low of 46%. Internationally, the scandal sent harmful signal to terror indicating that hostage taking could be used as a powerful means of coaxing political influence with the west (Absolute astronomy, 2009). References Absolute astronomy. (2009). Iran-Contra Affair. Retrieved on 28th March, 2009, from http//www. absoluteastronomy. com/topics/Iran-Contra_Affair BBC News Channel. (2004). Reagan and the Iran-Contra affair.Retrieved on 30th March, 2009, from http//news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/world/americas/269619. stm Isaacs, A. (1997) Vietnam Shadows. Baltimore London John Hopkins University Press. TheFreeDictionary. (2009). Iran-Contra Affair . Retrieved on 30th March, 2009, from http//www. acc. af. mil/news/story. asp? id=123080422 Tristam, P. (2009). What Was the Arms-for-Hostages Iran-Contra Affair? Retrieved on 30th March, 2009, from http//middleeast. about. com/od/usmideastpolicy/f/me081109f. htm Angel Force. (n. d). Iran-Contra. Retrieved on 30th March, 2009, from http//www. angelfire. com/ca3/jphuck/BOOK3Ch7. html

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Essay Example for Free

shopping mall Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Essaythither be some(prenominal) consequences in a persons life that can be considered di showtic. Trauma can be easily expound as a distressing experience caused by an event or physical injury. The symptoms that follow a traumatic event can include disassociation, hyperarousal, and avoidance. Some people choose to cope with their symptoms in legion(predicate) different ways such as substance abuse, medication, and/or therapy. When working with trauma there atomic number 18 many diverse forms of manipulation. eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing EMDR is one form of preaching that appears to be rough-and-ready. Eye figurehead desensitization and reprocessing is a discourse used in psychotherapy to alleviate distress associated with trauma (Shapiro, 1991). During EMDR clients reprocess info while cogitate on external stimuli such as, lateral eye movements, baseball glove tapping, and audio stimulatio n. Francine Shapiro developed EMDR in 1987 after discovering that eye movements had a desensitizing effect on herslef, and as well as after experimenting she found that others also had the same response to eye movements. In 1987, Shapiro named this approach to handling Eye Movement Desensitization.A case study was conducted to test the hard-hittingness of eye movement desensitization. The results indicated there was a significant decrease in distress and increase in confidence in positivity (EMDR Institute, 2012). When this treatment was first discovered it was reported it serves to decrease anxiety and did not claim to eliminate all posttraumatic stress affection symptoms. Gaining feedback from clients and clinicians this treatment continued to develop. In 1991 reprocessing was added to eye movement desensitization creating EMDR.Adding reprocessing was to reflect the insights and cognitive changes that occurred during treatment and to identify the information processing theory ( that Shapiro developed) to explain the treatment effects (2012). In 1995 the EMDR International knowledge was founded to establish standards for training and practice (Shapiro, 2001). There suck been many studies published in regards to posttraumatic stress dis ordination and demonstrating the effectiveness of EMDR. EMDR therapy happens in eight stages. EMDR requires clients to think about the past, present, and futurity.The first phase is designed to obtain report and also to develop treatment planning. Obtaining history information can take one to two sessions or it is something that is continuous throughout therapy. Clinicians go out discuss with the client the specific problem and symptoms resulting from the problem. The client does not endure to give much detail in regards to history. Some people will share and give coarse information and specifics and there are others who are only comfortcapable sharing limited information.With the background information and history col lected, the therapist will be able to develop a treatment plan that will identify targets on which to use EMDR (Shapiro, 1991). Targets are the events from the past that created the problem, situations that cause distress, and skills client needs to learn for future well being (1991). The second phase is preparation, it is key to explain the theory of EMDR and how it works. Establishing rapport to en indisputable clients are reporting accurate feelings and changes that are experienced during eye movements is helpful (Shapiro, 2001).The second phase of treatment the therapist will also ensure the client has several ways to cope with difficult situations. The therapist is able to teach different techniques of imagery and stress reduction techniques that clients can use during sessions. The techniques are used to cursorily produce change in emotional upsets (2001). The client at this point is learning self care. The threesome phase is assessment, in this phase the client will select a specific memory/ video recording from the target event. At that time a narrative is chosen that expresses a negative self depression associated with the event (Shapiro, 2001).The negative beliefs are verbalizations of negative and disturbing emotions that still exist. The common statements include I am bad, I am worthless, I am nothing, etc. The client then(prenominal) picks a positive statement to deputise the negative belief. The positive statement should reflect what is appropriate in the present (2001). The client is then asked to estimate how true they feel the positive statement is using the one to seen Validity of Cognition photographic plate one equals completely false and seven equals completely true (Maxfield, 1999). overly, during the Assessment Phase, the person identifies the negative emotions along with physical sensations associated with the memory. The client is asked to rate disturbance on the Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUD) scale, with zero reflecting no disturbance and ten reflecting the worst feeling ever had (1999). The next phase focuses on the clients emotions and sensations as they are calculated using the SUDs rating (Shapiro, 2001). The desensitization phase people reprocess past events while focusing on an external stimulus.This phase allows a chance to identify and resolve alike events that may brace happened and are associated with the specified event/memory. During desensitization, the therapist will lead the person in sets of eye movement with appropriate changes of focus until his SUDs levels are reduced to zero or a low number. another(prenominal) phase is the installation phase. The goal is to increase the positive belief that the person has identified previously to replace the negative belief.The goal is for people to identify and believe in their positive statement and scoring it broad(prenominal) on the Validity of Cognition scale. After the positive belief statements and installation the next phase which is the embody scan phase, the client is ask to think about the past target and asked to notice and focus on changes in body. The seventh phase is closure. In this phase the client is asked to keep a log during the week of anything related to the memory that may arise. The goal is to ensure that the client leaves feeling better than the beginning of treatment (Shapiro, 1989).It is reported if the processing of the traumatic target event is not complete in a whiz session, the therapist will assist the person in using a variety of self-calming techniques in order to regain a sense of stability. The last phase examines the progress made thus far. The therapist makes sure positive results on scales have been maintained. The reevaluation phase is vital in order to determine the success of the treatment over time (Maxfield, 1999). Clients may feel relief almost immediately with EMDR however it is as important to complete the eight phases of treatment.The goal of EMDR is to produce the most comprehensive and profound treatment effects in the shortest period of time, while simultaneously maintaining a stable client. The beginning of EMDR appears to be similar to exposure therapy. There are several studies and reviews that have been completed to test the effectiveness of EMDR in treating trauma. EMDR has been found to be an effective treatment for trauma. It has also been found to work profligateer than other therapies (Cahill, 1999). A study done by Davidson and Parker compared EMDR to no treatment and compared it to other exposure therapies such as prolonged exposure (2001).This study explored 30 four studies on the effectiveness of EMDR in treating trauma. It was discovered that among the thirty four studies, EMDR was found to be effective with an effect size of . 83 when compared to no treatment. It was also found to be a better woof of treatment than other non-exposure therapies such as CBT which only had an effect size of . 55. Controlled efficacy studies r eport a decrease in PTSD diagnosis of 70-90% after three to six sessions (Chemtob et al. , 2000). EMDR has been compared with cognitive behavior therapy in past clinical trials.EMDR has also been compared with and found superior to a wide range of other treatments, such as relaxation therapy, biofeedback, standard mental health treatment in a managed care facility, and participating listening (Maxfield, 1999). Evidence based support has led to EMDR being acknowledged as effective in the treatment of PTSD. Independent reviewers for the American Psychological Association reports EMDR and exposure therapy as empirically validated treatments (Chambless et al. , 1998). Also the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies designated EMDR as effective for PTSD (Shalev et al. , 2000).They noted that EMDR is more cost-efficient than other treatments as it used significantly fewer sessions than behavior therapy and took less time (2000). Cahill found similar results in a literature r eview conducted. They found that as a whole EMDR is effective in treating trauma, but that it is equally as effective when compared to other exposure therapies (1999). Some studies also indicate that EMDR may be more easily tolerated by clients than other exposure therapies. In a study by Schubert, it was discovered the use of eye-movements in the EMDR process reduced the pulse and heart rate in clients (2010).This suggests a calming experience as the process progresses. EMDR has been extensively researched in the treatment of trauma survivors. EMDR has been tested with survivors of a wide range of traumatic events, using a variety of control conditions, in multiple types of settings, by numerous researchers (Maxfield, 2002). Research has also investigated the use of EMDR with victims of rape, physical assault, childhood abuse, natural disasters, accidents, and other traumas (2002). EMDR is a therapeutical technique in which the patient moves his or her eyes back and forth, while c oncentrating on the target event or memory causing distress.The therapist waves a stick or light in drift of the patient and the patient is supposed to follow the moving stick or light with his or her eyes. EMDR is fast and rapid approach to therapy. While there are many supporters of this type of therapy there are many critics that believe EMDR is pseudoscience. It is suggested, wit evidence based information EMDR is an effective treatment. It is important to note that only clinicians who have received specialized training in EMDR are able to conduct it.

A Comparison between Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment and Vladimir Paral’s Essay Example for Free

A comparability between Fyodor Dostoevskys abuse and Punishment and Vladimir Parals EssayFyodor Dostoevskys classic, Crime and Punishment, and Vladimir Parals comers and Murderers hunt a area of murder, dejection and profound valet unhappiness. The both authors explore example abjection and the passel of mankind, as ruled by lust, jealousy and immoral instincts. As it sh all in all be seen however, the two romances differ substantially in the way in which they treat the subject of curse, as well as in their shoot of view and the t adept of the chronicle.Thus, Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment is centered on the idea of moral equivocalness. The Russian author uses an omniscient point of view in secern to recount Rodyon Raskolnikovs experiences before and afterwards he commits the murder. The t cardinal of the narrative is serious and meditative, as questions of morality and justice are interspersed throughout the events and dialogues in the novel. Vladimir Parals Lo vers and Murderers treats the theme of murder in conjunction with that of love.The narrative enters a world full of promiscuousness and vehemence, focu blazeg on a great number of constitutions and the interactions among them. Unlike Dostoevskys book that focuses on the portraying and experiences of the main character, Parals work is concerned with the plurality of voices. Moreover, the point of view shifts frequently from the omniscient vote counter to the commencement exercise person narrative, sometimes wi well-favored the same phrase. Lovers and Murderers is a marvelous mosaic, with a discontinuous narrative and a satiric tone.While Dostoevskys work raises questions of morality and social justice, Parals novel represents the spectacle of merciful life with resignation. There is no ethical conclusion to Parals analysis of human life and character he chooses to describe the dynamic of humanity in its bleakest and most ironic aspects. For Dostoevsky, human life is excessi vely full of coincidences and accidents. Although, the limit between right and wrong is relative, at last, the novel emphasizes the belief in punishment and redemption.In Parals novel, at that place is no clear delimitation between innocence and delinquency feelings the characters are all fanatics, consumed by passions, jealousy and greedy cravings. Significantly, love and violence intermingle throughout the novel, marking the majority of the relationships among contrasting characters. Paral shows at that placefore that human interaction is never completely sincere people devour and are devoured sadistically by destructive relationships. Instead of ending in union and harmony, each affair ends in destruction and crime.In Crime and Punishment there is the possibility of salvation and the triumph of love. Lovers and Murderers shows murder to be the companion of love, with no possibility for moral cleansing. Both novels therefore analyze morality in the context of the dynamics o f society, emphasise the interactions among different characters just when with different conclusions. Sin and morality are seen as paradoxes in Dostoevskys work, but, ultimately sins can be redeemed after having been committed.Parals novel illuminates the tableau of human relationships and the relativity of moral principles very differently all the characters are fallen men and women, who abuse or are step by differents. Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment is concerned primarily with moral paradoxes, exemplified through the stories of various characters. The central story, that of Raskolnikov, is paradoxical. The protagonist is an exceedingly poor student, who struggles with his enormous debts to his landlady and with constant hunger and misery.A proud and noble character, Raskolnikov is torment by his unjust and humble social standing. Despite his intelligence, he lives poorly and is constantly besieged by material concerns. As the novel opens, Raskolnikov has already develo ped the philosophy that would lead him to murder he muses that there are superior men who should be able to punish others for their sins. Interestingly therefore, the murder is intended as a punishment of the mean pawnbroker, in the name of social justice.The first part of the novel captures Raskolnikovs cozy tension as he struggles to discern right from wrong. There follows the critical moment of the actual, geminate murder and afterwards his punishment and final redemption. The cyclical nature of his experience is symbolic Dostoevsky points here to the paradoxes of morality. Raskolnikovs act of murder is in itself meant as a punishment and may seem right in its context. To enhance the ambiguity however, Dostoevsky arranges for a double murder the circumstances force the protagonist to kill Lizaveta as well, the pawnbrokers innocent babe.The novel offers yet other instances of moral ambiguity, such as the saintly and innocent Sonia who is forced to become a prostitute in order t o earn money and save her hungered family And therefore I saw, young man, I saw Katerina Ivanovna, in the same silence go up to Sonias little bed she was on her knees all the evening kissing Sonias feet, and would not get up, and then they both fell asleep in each others arms together, together yes and I lay drunk (Dostoevsky 30).Her mother in law, who had previously maltreated her, is now grateful and reverent towards the girl. forfeiture and benevolence are therefore accepted and appreciated in the novel. Her father, Marmeladov, is another example of moral equivocalness a hopeless drunk, he is a good man who loves his family yet cannot conquer his own unrighteousness in order to save them. Marmeladovs employer in like manner acts generously, although he does so in vain he offers him his job back, despite his dependence on alcohol, out of pity for his family.Throughout the novel, morality is questioned, but there is sufficient evidence of the existence of good alongside wi th evil. The ambiguity that Crime and Punishment describes is one of hammer rather than substance. In Parals Lovers and Murderers morality is permanently mixed with sin. Women and men, coming from the dregs of society as well as from its highest ranks, live in utter disorder and promiscuity. Innocence and guilt are incomplete relative nor circumstantial. Significantly, the book is divided in legion(predicate) fragments bearing two alternative titles Conquerors and Besieged.In Parals vision, the world is not divided in right and wrong, but rather in abusers and abused. These elementary roles are moreover easily interchangeable. The relationships seemed to be weighed on a scale, which always tips in favor of one of the partners. The relationship between Alex Serafin and Dasa is a relevant example Alex conquers and even enslaves the rich charr but he is eventually rejected by the same woman that seemed totally dependent on him. The world of the inhabitants of construction 2000 is devoid of moral principles and reasoning.The men and women are driven only by impulses of self-gratification. Their affairs are tempestuous and each partner, either abused or inglorious, derives selfish pleasure from the communion. Love is rapacious, lustful and possessive Love is prey and everyone longs for his own destruction lets not want them to expose the necks themselves(Paral 187). If Raskolnikovs world is marked by sin and punishment, Parals characters pursue their own pleasure and interests without having to pay for their deeds.Raskolnikov murders the two women in his pursuit of justice, without deriving any in the flesh(predicate) gain from the deed, despite having found a considerable mess in the ladies flat. In Parals novel, murder is only perpetrated as a crime of passion. In the outcome of Borek and Zita, murder is even gratuitous. The comparison between their story and that of Julien Sorel and Madame de Renal in Stendhals Red and Black, is extremely significant. While in Stendhals morality is extensively explored, Borek and Zitas affair is devoid of any compunctions of guilt despite the fact that Zita is a married woman.The line between love and murder is very thin one of the partners is always the hunter who chases his victim. The moment when Borek finally conquers Zita and possesses her body is very relevant. The man feels that, instead of attractive thoughts he develops murderous ones, without being able to discern between the two categories anymore I complete I was standing there like a receiver, insane because as a murderer I could not act otherwise, even though I had come as a lover, like a murderer or a lover, insane because I no longer saw any variance (Paral 188).If Crime and Punishment discusses moral ambiguity, Lovers and Murderers comments on the ambiguity of love and murder. Sexuality is always mixed with sadism and violence in Parals novel, so as to emphasize the fact that love is in fact abusive and possessive rather than disciplined and saintly. Marriage itself is a failure in the novel. An early scene in the novel points to the ultimate moral degradation of the characters. Thus, the poor working woman Madda pays a visit to domestic dog in his rich and sumptuous apartment.When he asks her to put on a spousals dress as part of the ritual of lovemaking, the woman muses on her previous sexual degradation and you dont pretend to apologize for madman anything, my earlier lovers wouldnt even take my clothes off, or even their own, a white wedding dress to church Ive made love with the dirty strap of abject overalls between our bodies (Paral 32). Ironically however, her romantic hopes are bitterly deceived by her heartless partner.Instead of offering the wedding dress as a symbol for love and purity, he uses it as part of a humiliating trick when Madda is dressed and kneeling before him, Franks wife enters the room and it becomes clear that the woman was only used as amusement by the rich couple. In Pa rals world the beautiful dreams disintegrate very fast. Lovers and Murderers shows that moral choices and principles have to be settled among people and thus no figure or action is definitely pure.Raskolnikov acts in the name of a higher principles, which he sees as arrogant I didnt kill a human being, but a principle I killed the principle, but I didnt overstep, I stopped on this side. I was only capable of sidesplitting (Dostoevsky 389). Raving with a guilty conscience, Raskolnikov tries to convince himself of the moral justifications of his deed. He didnt kill another human being, his violence was directed solely against an erroneous principle. Besides Raskolnikov, the novel abounds in generous characters.For instance, Dounia, Raskolnikovs sister is willing to sacrifice her own happiness in a marriage she does not desire, in order to help her family. When the same Dounia is accused of trying to attract her employer and make him commit adultery, she escapes by her own generosit y and nobility. Moreover, it is the employers wife that actually mends the girls reputation after having marred it, by cover the proof of her innocence to the world. There is no redemption and generosity in Parals novel.The characters act upon their personalized interests, without considering each others feelings. The life that the characters lead is the life of a jungle, where there are no rules other than personal survival and gratification They live only for the fulfillment of their eternal appetites like animals running free in a jungle. For pleasure alone like the courtiers of Louis XV (Paral 164). People are not concerned with judgments of revalue and with ethical principles. Paral introduces his readers to the psychological jungle of humanity, where people follow only their instincts.In Crime and Punishment, on the other hand, Dostoevsky explores sin and crime from a religious and ethical posture. As critic Alfred Bem notes, Dostoevsky proceeds from the idea of a feeling of the original sin present in all minds To understand Dostoevskys thought one essential allow for the presence in the human psyche of a feeling of sinfulness as such, nonsymbiotic of the existence of any concrete crimewhat we might call the feeling of original sin. We can assume, then, that the feeling of sin, of guilt can be present in the psyche unaccompanied by any consciousness of crime (Bem 59).Hence comes the moral ambiguity of the characters however saintly in their morality and character, they can succumb to sin because the seed is already planted in the human psyche. Parals world is also dominated by sinfulness, but, in this case, the characters lose their nobility. They are all fallen, abject people, who live by their instincts rather than by principles. Moreover, Raskolnikov performs an experiment more than an actual murder. He wants to apply his philosophical theory to reality and see its effects.Dostoevsky captures here the shopping centre of humanity and its inher ent rejection of murder. Ultimately, Raskolnikov is unable to commit his crime in complete cold bloodedness, despite the solidness of his arguments and theory Perhaps no work of literature presents so graphically a man examination and living, psychologically and even physiologically, a theory. Raskolnikovs theory, it will be remembered, is that crime is accompanied by sickness, by a loss of willpower and self-control, unless it is committed for sufficient reason by an extraordinary man, in which case it is no crime. (Shaw 142).It is not so with Parals murderers they virtually live in a jungle, where, besides instincts and passions, there is only pathos without real substance. The point of view and the tone chosen by the two authors are also relevant. Raskolnikovs story is told objectively, from an omniscient perspective. This narrative technique does not obscure the characters inner turmoil, however. Dostoevsky pairs his omniscience with indirect speech, a device which helps to re veal the heros thoughts and emotions. Raskolnikov often speaks to himself and, in this way, Dostoevsky gives us annoy to his unmediated reflections.For instance, he muses on his motivation for committing the murder, wavering between the feeling of guilty and the excuse he finds for his behavior I am putting my little brick into the happiness of all and so my heart is at peace. Ha-ha Why have you let me slip? I only live once, I withal want. Ech, I am an ? sthetic louse and nothing more, he added suddenly, laughing like a (Dostoevsky 389). Raskolnikov is so a criminal and an aesthete at the same time. While his crime is horrendous, his purpose gives it meaning to a certain extent.As Julian Connolly remarks, the way in which Dostoevsky decided to use the point of view in the novel is very significant Dostoyevsky had originally intended to write an account of murder from the perspective of the murderer himself. As he worked on the project in November 1865, however, he concluded that such a perspective might be too limited, so he chose an omniscient, third-person narrative mode instead. Yet traces of the original origination remain much of the novel offers direct insight into Raskolnikovs impressions and experiences. (Connolly 144). Thus, the authors decision to mingle omniscience and first person narrative shows that he was preoccupied to investigate the moral dimension of his characters as well as the psychological one. His technique ultimately merges psychology with philosophy. In Parals case, the frequent shifts of viewpoint, allow for a risible exploration of the stories from the inside and outside simultaneously. Moreover, Parals story is told fragmentarily, with an alternation of voices and points of view.The narrative shifts from the author to an interior monologue of one of the characters without warning, in the course of the same phrase. This provides readers with marks as to actual events and also to the thoughts of the characters at the same time. The novel features a great number of different narrative voices, as each of the characters introduced is also given a monologue. This technique enhances the novels mosaic structure and its grotesqueness. The characters interior monologues moreover show them to be egoistic and impulsive.Most of their speeches are delirious and self-centered. The tones of the two works also differ and influence the readers perception of the stories. Dostoevskys tone is serious and restrained, focusing on the events, the psychology of the main character and the numerous implications of the experiences described. Paral, on the other hand, uses irony, black humor and pathos is order to describe the events in his book. Lovers and Murderers is therefore write as a black comedy, transmitting the author purpose of satirizing humanity in its pettiness and abjection.The two novels deal with the common themes of murder and punishment, but do so in very different ways. Crime and Punishment investigates ethica l, religious and psychological consequences of a crime, with an emphasis of humans liability to sin and moral ambiguity in the context of a society. Lovers and Murderers, on the other hand, emphasizes the human world as a grotesque spectacle, driven by the uncontrolled instincts and petty interests of men. Dostoevskys work analyzes and questions, while Parals observes and mocks. Works CitedAlfred L. Bem, criminality in Crime and Punishment. Readings on Fyodor Dostoyevsky. Ed. Tamara Johnson. Trans. Robert Louis Jackson. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1998. 58 64. Connolly, Julian. An Overview of Crime and Punishment. Exploring Novels. Gale, 1998. Dostoevsky, Fyodor. Crime and Punishment. unused York Vintage Classics, 2008. Paral, Vladimir. Lovers and Murderers. Trans. Craig Stephen Stevens. New York Catbird Press, 2002. Shaw, J. Thomas. Raskolnikovs Dreams. Slavic and East European Journal 17, no. 2 (1973) 131-45.

Bcg on Hul Essay Example for Free

Bcg on Hul EssayOnce you contend which businesses stand where in your business portfolio, you also come to know which businesses need investments, which unavoidably harvesting ( do money), which needs divesting (reducing investment) and which needs to be all told make forn out of the business portfolio. For a major organization the like HUL, ITC etc which hit multiple categories and within the categories, they have multiple lines of outputs the BCG analysis becomes real important. At a holistic level, they get to make a decision on which crossway to continue and which crossing to be divested. Which product can give new returns with good investment, and which products atomic number 18 reaching the apex of food market place place sh be. BCG Growth role Matrix The BCG gain share intercellular substance was developed by Henderson of the BCG group in 1970? s. The matrix classifies businesses / SBUs by 1) Relative Market Share The market share of the business / SBU / P roduct in the market as compared to its competitors and overall product / category. 2) Market step-up grade The growth stride of the industry as a whole is taken into consideration from which the growth rate of the product is extrapolated.This growth rate is hence pitched on the graph. thusly by having 2 basic but at the equal magazine very important factors on X axis and Y axis, the BCG matrix makes sure that the classifications are concrete. shrewd the Market growth rate comprises of both industry growth and product growth rate thereby giving a fair knowledge of where the product / SBU stands in comparison to the Industry. The market share on the other hand comprises of the competition and the product potential in the market. consequently when we consider growth rate and market share together, it automatically gives us an overview of the competition and the industry standards as well as an theme of what the future cleverness bring for the product. Once the businesses have been classified, they are placed into 4 different quadrants of the matrix. The quadrants of the matrix are divided into 1) currency Cows High market share but down in the mouth growth rate ( about profitable). 2) Stars High market share and High growth rate ( juicy-pitched competition) 3) Question marks depression market share and high growth rate (uncertainty) ) Dogs Low market share and unhopeful growth rate (less profitable or may even be negative profitability) On the basis of this classification, strategies are decided for each SBU / Product. Lets discuss the characteristics and strategies of each quadrant in detail. Explanation 1) Cash Cows The cornerstone of any multi product business, specie cows are products which are having a high market share ina low growing market. As the market is not growing, that property cow gains the maximum advantage by generating maximum revenue due(p) to its high market share.Thus for any community, the funds cows are the ones which require least investment but at the same place give higher returns. These higher returns enhance the overall profitability of the firm because this excess revenue can be used in other businesses which are Stars, Dogs or Question marks. In the compositors case of HUL following are the Cash cows like Mass Soaps, Beverages, Oral care and Laundry which are running very well in the market today, Oral and Mass soap today is doing very good hence it is the money cows for HUL today.Strategies for notes cow The gold cows are the most stable for any business and hence the strategy generally includes retention of the market share. As the market is not growing, acquisition is less and retention is high. Thus customer satisfaction programs, loyalty programs and other such promotional methods form the core of the marketing plan for a cash cow product / SBU. 2) Stars The go around product which comes in mind when thinking of Stars is the telecom products.If you look at any top 5 telecom p articipation, the market share is good but the growth rate too is good. Thus because these deuce factors are high, the telecom companies are always in competitive mode and they have to juggle among investment and harvesting vis investing money and taking out money time to time. Unlike cash cows, Stars cannot be complacent when they are top on because they can immediately be overtaken by other association which capitalizes on the market growth rate. However, if the strategies are successful, a Star can become a cash cow in the long run.Just like the products from HUL like Hair Care products, peel off Care products, Premium Soaps Laundry products, Deodorants and its lately outlet brand Water (PureIt) Strategies for Stars All types of marketing, sales promotion and advertising strategies are used for Stars. This is because in cash cow, already these strategies have been used and they have resulted in the formation of a cash cow. Similarly in Stars, because of the high competitio n and rising market share, the concentration and investment needs to be high in marketingactivities so as to growth and retain market share. ) Question Marks Several times, a company magnate come up with an innovative product which immediately gains good growth rate. However the market share of such a product is unknown. The product might lose customer interest and might not be bought anymore in which case it will not gain market share, the growth rate will go down and it will ultimately become a Dog. On the other hand, the product might summation customer interest and more and more people might buy the product thus making the product a high market share product. From here the product can move on to be a Cash Cow as it has lower competition and high market share.Thus Question marks are products which may give high returns but at the same time may also flop and may have to be taken out of the market. This uncertainty gives the quadrant the name Question Mark. The major problem as sociated with having Question marks is the amount of investment which it might need and whether the investment will give returns in the end or whether it will be completely wasted. Processed foods and Color Cosmetics are few of the Question Marks for HUL since it is very rare found in the market due to the reason that it is not giving results as much expected in the consumer market today.Strategies for Question marks As they are new entry products with high growth rate, the growth rate needs to be capitalized in such a manner that question marks turn into high market share products. New Customer acquisition strategies are the best strategies for converting Question marks to Stars or Cash cows. Furthermore, time to time market research also helps in determining consumer psychology for the product as well as the possible future of the product and a hard decision might have to be taken if the product goes into negative profitability. ) Dogs Products are classified as dogs when they hav e low market share and low growth rate. Thus these products neither generate high amount of cash nor require higher investments. However, they are considered as negative profitability products mainly because the money already invested in the product can be used somewhere else. Thus over here businesses have to take a decision whether they should divest these products or they can revamp them and thereby make them saleable again which will subsequently increase the market share of the product. Dogs for HUL are its Sea Products which is definitely and alarm for HUL to obscure it.Strategies for Dogs Depending on the amount of cash which is already invested in this quadrant, the company can either divest the product altogether or it can revamp the product through rebranding / innovation / adding features etc. However, moving a dog towards a star or a cash cow is very difficult. It can be moved only to the question mark region where again the future of the product is unknown. Thus in ca ses of Dog products, divestment strategy are used. Sequences in BCG Matrix pic achievement Sequence in BCG Matrix The Success date of BCG matrix happens when a question mark becomes a Star and finally it becomes a cash cow.This is the best sequence which really gives a boost to the companys profits and growth. The success sequence unlike the disaster sequence is entirely dependent on the right decision making. Disaster sequence in BCG Matrix Disaster sequence of BCG matrix happens when a product which is a cash cow, due to competitive pressure might be moved to astar. It fails out from the competition and it is moved to a question mark and finally it may have to be divested because of its low market share and low growth rate. Thus the disaster sequence might happen because of wrong decision making.This sequence affects the company as a lot of investments are lost to the divested product. Along with this the money coming in from the cash cow which is used for other products too i s lost. Results on the strategies for HUL based on the BCG Matrix. There are four strategies possible for any product / SBU and these are the strategies which are used after the BCG analysis. These strategies are 1) Build By increasing investment, the product is given an impetus such that the product increases its market share. ExamplePushing a Question mark into a Star and finally a cash cow (Success sequence) ) Hold The company cannot invest or it has other investment commitments due to which it holds the product in the same quadrant. Example place a star there itself as higher investment to move a star into cash cow is currently not possible. 3) Harvest Best observed in the Cash cow scenario, wherein the company reduces the amount of investment and tries to take out maximum cash flow from the said product which increases the overall profitability. 4) Divest Best observed in case of Dog quadrant products which are generally divested to release the amount of money already stuck in the business.

Components of Supply Chain Management (SCM) Essay Example for Free

Components of Supply strand Management (SCM) EssayThe main(prenominal) elements of a write out reach include purchasing, operations, distri howeverion, and integration. The add together chain begins with purchasing. Purchasing managers or buyers are typically responsible for determining which products their company will sell, sourcing product suppliers and vendors, and procuring products from vendors at prices and terms that equips profitability goals.Supply chain operations focus on demand planning, anticipation, and inventory management. Forecasts estimate customer demand for a special(prenominal) product during a specific period of cadence based on historical data, external drivers much(prenominal) as upcoming sales and promotions, and any changes in trends or competition. Using demand planning to break dance accurate forecasts is critical to effective inventory management. Forecasts are compared to inventory levels to ensure that distribution centers have enough, but not too much, inventory to supply stores with a sufficient amount of product to meet demand. This allows companies to go down inventory carrying costs while still meeting customer needs.Moving the product from warehouses or manufacturing plants to stores and in the end to customers is the distribution function of the supply chain.Supply chain integration refers to the practice of developing a collaborative work accrue among all departments and components involved in the supply chain to maximize efficiencies and build a hunt supply chain.2 Walmarts Method of Managing the Supply ChainWalmart has been able to assume market leadership position primarily due to its efficient integration of suppliers, manufacturing, warehousing, and distribution to stores. Its supply chain outline has quaternion key components vendor partnerships, cross docking and distribution management, engineering, and integration. Walmarts supply chain begins with strategic sourcing to rise products at the best price from suppliers who are in a position toensure they tail meet demand. Walmart establishes strategic partnerships with most of their vendors, offering them the potential for long-term and high volume purchases in exchange for the last-place possible prices.Suppliers indeed ship product to Walmarts distribution centers where the product is cross docked and then delivered to Walmart stores. move through docking, distribution management, and expatriate management keep inventory and transportation costs down, reducing transportation time and eliminating inefficiencies.Technology plays a key role in Walmarts supply chain, serving as the bag of their supply chain. Walmart has the largest information engine room infrastructure of any private company in the world. Its state-of-the-art technology and network design allow Walmart to accurately forecast demand, track and predict inventory levels, create highly efficient transportation routes, and manage customer relationships a nd service response logistics.3 Benefits of Efficient Supply Chain ManagementWal-Marts supply chain management strategy has provided the company with several(prenominal) sustainable hawkish advantages, including lower product costs, shrivel upd inventory carrying costs, improved in-store variety and picking, and highly competitive pricing for the consumer. This strategy has sustained Walmart become a dominant force in a competitive global market. As technology evolves, Walmart continues to focus on innovative processes and systems to improve its supply chain and achieve greater efficiency.How to Manage the Bullwhip meat on Your Supply ChainThe goal of any supply chain is to get the right selection of goods and services to customers in the most efficient way possible. To meet this goal, each link along the supply chain mustiness not only function as efficiently as possible it must also coordinate and integrate with links both upstream and downstream in the chain. The keystone f or a lean supply chain is accuracy indemand planning. Unforeseen spikes in demand or overestimations of demand stimulate the supply end of the chain to respond with changes in production. Production and supply issues then impact the consumer end of the supply chain and the effects ripple up and down the chain. This is often referred to as the bullwhip effect.1 What Causes the Bullwhip Effect?Supply chain management is a complex process. There are several issues that coffin nail lead to the bullwhip effect and those issues can be exacerbated by delays in transmitting information, and a inadequacy of coordination up and down the supply chain. Some causes of the bullwhip effect include Consumer demand swingsNatural disasters that disrupt the flow of goods and servicesOvercompensation when addressing inventory issuesOrdering processes, such as order batching, can also contribute to thebullwhip effect. Organizations whitethorn accumulate larger orders before processing them in an effo rt to reduce costs and create transportation economics. They may also wait to place larger orders to benefit from lower prices offered during a promotion. Demand forecasting manipulation is another cause. By padding the forecast to compensate for possible errors, the organization loses sight of dependable customer demand. Customers can also contribute to the bullwhip effect by engaging in shortage childs play during periods of short supply by purchasing more than they need. Additionally, customers taking advantage of liberal return policies can create problems with developing accurate demand forecasts.2 How to Minimize the Bullwhip EffectThe first step in minimizing the bullwhip effect is to understand what drives customer demand planning and inventory consumption. Lack of demand visibility can be addressed by providing all key players in the supply chainwith access to prove of sale (POS) data. Suppliers and customers must then work collaboratively to improve both the quality and frequency of information discourse throughout the supply chain. They may also choose to share information through an arrangement such as vendor-managed inventory (VMI). Eliminating practices that introduce spikes in demand, such as order batching, can also help. The high order cost associated with smaller or more frequent orders can be offset with electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and computer aided ordinance (CAO).Pricing strategies and policies can also help reduce the bullwhip effect. Eliminating incentives that cause customers to delay orders, such as volume transportation discounts, and addressing the causes of order cancellations or reductions can help create smoother ordering patterns. Offering products at stable and fair prices can prevent purchasing surges triggered by temporary promotional discounts. Special purchase contracts can be implemented to encourage ordering at regular intervals to better synchronize delivery and purchase.3 Adopting Supply Chain Management s coop up PracticesUsing sound chain management processes and systems will result in the efficient flow of goods from a raw stage to the consumer while enhancing ROI for the company. Reviewing case studies and other resources detailing best practices can suggest opportunities for improvement. Adopting roaring practices such as Walmarts use of cross docking, or Dells process of bypassing the midway man by offering made-to-order computers directly to customers, can contribute to a lean supply chain and minimize the bullwhip effect. Reducing the bullwhip effect requires a thorough evaluation of organizational policies, measurements, systems, and practices. Based on the positive implications an efficient supply chain can have on costs, sales, profits and customer satisfaction, its an undertaking well worth the investment and effort.